ارزيابي فرونشست دشت شهريار و ملارد ناشي از برداشت آبهاي زيرزميني و تأثير آن بر سازهه اي زيربنايي

Assessment of subsidence of Shahriar and Mallard plains due to groundwater abstraction and its effect on infrastructure

ﭼﮑﯿﺪه ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺪﻫﺎي ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از اﻓﺖ ﺳﻄﺢ آب زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺳﻌﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﻓﺮوﻧﺸﺴﺖ زﻣـﯿﻦ در دﺷـﺖ ﺷـﻬﺮﯾﺎر و ﻣـﻼرد ﺑـﺮ اﺛـﺮ ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ آﺑﻬﺎي زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ و ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ آن ﺑﺮ ﺳﺎزه ﻫﺎي زﯾﺮﺑﻨﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ و ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﮔﺮدد و ﺑﺪﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﺑﺘـﺪاء ﭘـﺲ از ﺟﻤـﻊ آوري آﻣﺎر ﭼﺎﻫﻬﺎي آب ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ و ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﺳﻔﺮه آﺑﺨﻮان و ﻣﻮاردي از ﻧﻈﯿﺮ ﻋﻤﻖ ﺳﻄﺢ آب زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ ، ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ و ﭘﺮاﮐﻨﺶ ﭼﺎه ﻫﺎ داده ﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ اوﻟﯿﻪ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﯾﺪ ، ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻧﻤﻮدن ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ آﺑﺮﻓﺖ و ﻻﯾﻪ ﻫﺎي رﺳﻮﺑﯽ ﺑﺮ روي ﺳﻨﮓ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﻣﻨﻈﻘﻪ از روي ﮔﻤﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي اﮐﺘﺸﺎﻓﯽ و ﻻگ ﻫﺎي ﭼﺎه ﺗﻨﻮع ﻻﯾﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي و ﺟﻨﺲ رﺳﻮﺑﺎت ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﺷﺪ و ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس رواﺑﻂ ژﺋﻮﺗﮑﻨﯿﮑﯽ ﺣﺎﮐﻢ ﺑﺮ رﺳﻮﺑﺎت و ﺑﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﺨﻠﺨﻞ ، ﺿﺮاﯾﺐ ﻧﻔﻮذ ﭘﺬﯾﺮي و ﺑﺎﻓﺖ رﺳﻮﺑﺎت ﺳﻌﯽ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ ، ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻧﺸﺴـﺖ ﺗﺤﮑـﯿﻢ و آﻧـﯽ ، ﻧـﺮخ ﺳـﺎﻻﻧﻪ ﻓﺮوﻧﺸﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪه و از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ دادﻫﺎي ﻣﺎﻫﻮاره اﯾﯽ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻓﺮوﻧﺸﺴﺖ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﮔﺮدد، در ﻃﯽ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻧﺮخ ﻓﺮوﻧﺸﺴﺖ زﻣﯿﻦ 8 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽ ﻣﺘﺮ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ.

Due to the consequences of falling groundwater levels in this study, land subsidence in Shahriar and Mallard plains due to groundwater abstraction has been investigated and its impact on infrastructure is investigated and determined. For this purpose, after collecting the statistics of water wells in the region and determining the characteristics of the aquifer and items such as depth of groundwater level, annual harvest and distribution of wells, the initial data were obtained, then by specifying the thickness of alluvium and layers Sediment taro of the bedrock of the area was identified from exploratory boreholes and well logs, diversity of stratification and sediment type in the area. Determining the immediate and consolidation meeting, the annual subsidence rate is calculated and the amount of subsidence in the study area is determined through satellite data from 2014 to 2020. During these years, the results showed that the highest subsidence rate in the region is 8 cm.