كليدواژه :
انديشه‌هاي نوافلاطوني , فلوطين , عرفان اسلامي , عطار نيشابوري , منطق‌الطير
چكيده فارسي :
ﺣﮑﻤﺖ ﻧﻮاﻓﻼﻃﻮﻧﯽ، ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﮑﺎﺗﺐ ﻓﻠﺴﻔﯽ ﯾﻮﻧﺎن ﺑﺎﺳـﺘﺎن اﺳـﺖ ﮐـﻪ در ﻗـﺮن ﺳـﻮم ﻣـﯿﻼدي ﻓﻠﻮﻃﯿﻦ آن را ﺑﻪ ﯾﮏ ﻧﻈﺎم ﻓﻠﺴﻔﯽ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ و ﻣﻨﺴﺠﻢ ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﮐﺮد و ﺳﺎلﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻤﺎدي ﺑـﺮ ﻏـﺮب و ﺷـﺮق ﺗﺴـﻠّﻂ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﻧﻈﺎم ﻓﻠﺴﻔﯽ، اﺑﺘﺪا ﺑـﺮ ﻓﻠﺴـﻔﻪ و ﺳـﭙﺲ ﺑـﺮ ﻋﺮﻓـﺎن ﻣﺴـﯿﺤﯽ و ﺗﺼـﻮيف اﺳـﻼﻣﯽ ﺗـﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﮔﺬاﺷـﺖ. ﺷﺒﺎﻫﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺴﯿﺎري در ﻃﺮز ﻧﮕﺮش ﻓﻠﻮﻃﯿﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﯽ، ﺑﺎ ﻋﺎرﻓﺎﻧﯽ ﭼﻮن ﺳـﻨﺎﯾﯽ، ﻋﻄـﺎر، ﻣﻮﻟـﻮي و... وﺟـﻮد دارد. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﺮاي دادهﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، از روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده ﺷـﺪه و ﻫـﺪف آن، ﻧﺸـﺎن دادن دﯾﺪﮔﺎهﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﺘﺮك ﻓﻠﻮﻃﯿﻦ و ﻋﻄﺎر در ﺑﯿﺎن ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻓﻠﺴﻔﯽ - ﻋﺮﻓﺎﻧﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ اﯾﻦ ﺳﺆال ﻣﻄـﺮح اﺳـﺖ ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ اﺷﺘﺮاﮐﺎت در ﺑﯿﺎن ﭼﻪ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺗﯽ اﺳﺖ؟ از اﯾﻦ رو ﻧﻮﯾﺴﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﺗﻼش دارﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﻌﺮي ﻣﺘﻌﺪيد از
ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﮥ ﻣﻨﻄﻖاﻟﻄﯿﺮ و ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺑﺨﺸﯽ از ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻋﻄﺎر ﺑﻪ ﻣﺜﺎﺑﮥ ﻋﺎرﻓﯽ ﻣﻮﺣيﺪ، در ﺟـﺎي ﺟﺎي اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﻪ، ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﺎﯾﻠﯽ ﻧﻈﯿﺮ وﺣﺪت وﺟـﻮد، ﻋﻘـﻞ، روح و... ﮐـﻪ ﭘـﯿﺶ از ﻋﺎرﻓـﺎن ﻣﺴـﻠﻤﺎن، در آﺛـﺎر ﻓﻠﻮﻃﯿﻦ آﻣﺪه، اﺷﺎره ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﯾﻦ ﺷﺒﺎﻫﺖﻫﺎ، ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ اﻧﺪﯾﺸﻪﻫﺎي ﻧﻮاﻓﻼﻃﻮﻧﯽ را ﺑﺎ آراي ﻋﻄﺎرنماﯾﺎن ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ.
چكيده لاتين :
Neo-platonic philosophy is regarded as one of the most important philosophical schools of ancient Greece that plato in the third century made it into a coherent and comprehensive philosophical system, and it was dominated the east and mitially has influenced and west for perpetual years. This system initially influenced philosophy and Christian mysticism and later Sufism. There is a great number of similarties between plato's views towards existence and mystics such as Sanaee, Attar, Molavi, Ebn- e – Farez, and Jaami. Therefore it has had the mostimpact philosophically on Islamic mysticism. The aim of this research is to show the amount and the state of this impact on Attar by Neo –platonic thoughts. Thus, the main question is how in what manner, it has in made. In 3rd chapter three we show through a number of poetic evidence how Sheikh has been influenced primarily by mystical tradition as well as the environment in which he lived. Attar, like a monotheistic mystic throughout his Masnavis has pointed some issues as existence unity love, beauty, pure good, soul, asceticism, austerity, etc, which appear in plato's works before musli mystics. These similarities, can determine the exact amount of effect of neo-platonic thoughts on Attar. The plata minig has been done by an analytical descriptive approach. thod has been used to analyze the research.
