بررسي توصيفي فشار‌خون اهدا كنندگان خون در جمعيت اهداكنندگان مرد شهر تهران در سال 1395-1396

Descriptive Study of Blood Donors' Blood Pressure in the Population of Male Donors in Tehran in 2017-2018

ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ: ﭘﺮﻓﺸﺎري ﺧﻮن ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر ﻫﺎي ﺧﻄﺮ در ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﻫﺎي ﻗﻠﺒﯽ ﻋﺮوﻗﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﮐﻨﺘﺮل و ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ اﻫﺪاي ﺧﻮن ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﺑﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻮن ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻮﻟﯽ و دﯾﺎﺳﺘﻮﻟﯽ اﻫﺪاﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﺑﺎ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻮن ﺑﺎﻻ و ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. روش ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ: اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﻣﻘﻄﻌﯽ ﺑﺮ روي 546 ﻧﻔﺮ از اﻫﺪاﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﺧﻮن ﻣﺮﮐﺰ اﻫﺪاي ﺧﻮن وﺻﺎل ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان ﮐﻪ در ﺑﺎزه زﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺳﺎل 1395-1396 ﺑﯿﻦ 1 ﺗﺎ 4 ﺑﺎر اﻫﺪا داﺷﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ، اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. اﻫﺪاﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻮن ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻮﻟﯽ و دﯾﺎﺳﺘﻮﻟﯽ در زﻣﺎن اوﻟﯿﻦ اﻫﺪا ﺑﻪ دو ﮔﺮوه ﺑﺎ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻮن ﺑﺎﻻ و ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻮن ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺑﻨﺪي ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و روﻧﺪ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻮن ﭘﺲ از ﻫﺮ ﺑﺎر اﻫﺪا )اﻫﺪاي دوم، ﺳﻮم و ﭼﻬﺎرم( ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰارSPSS version 16 و آزﻣﻮن آﻣﺎري -Oneway ANOVA ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ: در ﮔﺮوه اﻓﺮاد ﺑﺎ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻮن ﺑﺎﻻ، ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻮن ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻮﻟﯽ و دﯾﺎﺳﺘﻮﻟﯽ ﭘﺲ از ﺳﻪ و ﭼﻬﺎر ﺑﺎر اﻫﺪا ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ آﻣﺎري ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﺸﺎن داد. ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻮن ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻮﻟﯽ در اﯾﻦ ﮔﺮوه ﭘﺲ از ﭼﻬﺎرﻣﯿﻦ اﻫﺪا ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ از 149/1 ﺑﻪ 141/6 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﺘﺮﺟﯿﻮه 0/03=p( و ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻮن دﯾﺎﺳﺘﻮﻟﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ از 90/04 ﺑﻪ 86/08 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﺘﺮ ﺟﯿﻮه ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻮد )0/04=(P ﻫﻢ ﭼﻨﯿﻦ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻮن در اﻓﺮاد ﮔﺮوه ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ، اﮔﺮﭼﻪ اﯾﻦ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨ ﺎدار ﮔﺰارش ﻧﺸﺪ )0/05>P (. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﮐﺎﻫﻨﺪه اﻫﺪاي ﺧﻮن ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﺑﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻮن را در اﻓﺮاد ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻮن ﺑﺎﻻ ﻧﺸﺎن داد، ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻧﮑﺘﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ در روﯾﮑﺮدﻫﺎي درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﭘﺮﻓﺸﺎري ﺧﻮن ﺑﺎ رﻋﺎﯾﺖ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ اﻫﺪاي ﺧﻮن داوﻃﻠﺒﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺪون ﭼﺸﻢ داﺷﺖ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد.

Hypertension is one of the most important preventable risk factors for cardiovascular disease. This observational study aimed to depict the role of regular blood donation on the systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP, respectively) in hypertensive patients in comparison with normotensive people. Methods: This study was performed as a cross-sectional descriptive study on 546 blood donors of Vesal Blood Donation Center in Tehran who donated between 1 and 4 times in the period of 2016-2017. Donors were divided into two groups (hypertension and normal blood pressure) based on the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at the time of the first donation. The trend of changes in blood pressure after each donation (second, third and fourth donation) was assessed using SPSS ver. 16 and One way-ANOVA statistical test. Results: In the group of hypertensive patients, after four blood donations, systolic and diastolic blood pressure showed a statistically significant decrease after three or four donations. Systolic blood pressure in this group after the fourth donation decreased from the mean of 149.1 to 141.6 mm Hg (P = 0.03) and diastolic blood pressure decreased from 90.04 to 86.08 mm Hg (P = 0.04 also), respectively. Decreased blood pressure was also observed in the normal group, although this significant decrease was not reported (P> 0.05). Conclusion: Our results corroborated a down-regulatory effect of regular blood donation on BP in hypertensive people. These findings are rather encouraging people toward voluntary blood donation and can be considered in therapy-related issues.