ﻫﻴﺴﺘﻮﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻣﺘﺮي زﺑﺎن ﺟﻮﺟﻪ ﺗﻴﻐﻲ

Histomorphometric Study of Hedgehog (Hemiechinus auritus) Tongue.

ﺟﻮﺟﻪ ﺗﻴﻐﻲ ﺣﻴﻮاﻧﻲ ﺣﺸﺮه ﺧﻮار )ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ ﺧﻮار ﻳﺎ ﻫﻤﻪ ﭼﻴﺰﺧﻮار( از دﺳﺘﻪ ﭼﻬﺎرﭘﺎﻳﺎن ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ اﺳﺖ. از زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﭘﻮﺳﺖ اﻳﻦ ﺣﻴﻮان ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﺎده داروﻳﻲ و ﭼﺮﺑﻲ آن ﻧﻴﺰ ارزﺷﻤﻨﺪ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ، ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ اﻧﺴﺎن ﻗﺮارﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﻛﻪ ﺟﻮﺟﻪ ﺗﻴﻐﻲ ﺣﻴﻮاﻧﻲ آرام ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، اﺧﻴﺮاً ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺣﻴﻮان ﺧﺎﻧﮕﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ از آن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮدد. ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر آﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻴﻚ دﺳﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻳﻦ ﺣﻴﻮان ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰان زﻳﺎدي ﻧﺎﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ دﻟﻴﻞ در اﻳﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻫﻴﺴﺘﻮﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژي زﺑﺎن اﻳﻦ ﺣﻴﻮان ﻛﻪ ﭘﻴﺶ از اﻳﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻧﺸﺪه ﺑﻮد، ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮاي اﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺗﻌﺪاد 5 ﻋﺪد زﺑﺎن ﺟﻮﺟﻪ ﺗﻴﻐﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻎ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﺪ. زﺑﺎنﻫﺎ در اﺑﺘﺪا در ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻟﻴﻦ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺳﭙﺲ اﻧﻮاع ﭘﺮزﻫﺎي ﭼﺸﺎﻳﻲ در زﻳﺮ ﻣﻴﻜﺮوﺳﻜﻮپ ﻟﻮپ در ﻧﻮاﺣﻲ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ و ﺷﻤﺎرش ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺮش ﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻮاﻟﻲ در ﻧﻮاﺣﻲ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ زﺑﺎن ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺷﻤﺎرش ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﭼﺸﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﺑﺮ روي ﭘﺮزﻫﺎي ﻗﺎرﭼﻲ )از ﺟﻠﻮ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻘﺐ( و ﺟﺎﻣﻲ )در دو ﺟﻬﺖ ﺟﻠﻮ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻘﺐ و ﺧﺎرج ﺑﻪ داﺧﻞ( ﺑﺮشﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻮاﻟﻲ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ اﻳﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ ﻏﺪد ﺑﺰاﻗﻲ زﺑﺎﻧﻲ در ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺟﻠﻮﻳﻲ زﺑﺎن داراي ﻏﺎﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺳﺮوزﺑﻮده و در ﻧﻮاﺣﻲ ﻋﻘﺒﻲ داراي ﻏﺎﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﻣﻮﻛﻮس ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. ﭘﺮزﻫﺎي زﺑﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﺑﺮ روي ﺳﻄﺢ ﭘﺸﺘﻲ زﺑﺎن ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭘﺮزﻫﺎي ﻧﺨﻲ، ﻗﺎرﭼﻲ و ﺟﺎﻣﻲ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺗﻌﺪاد ﭘﺮزﻫﺎي ﻗﺎرﭼﻲ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ 78/33±3/78 ﺷﻤﺎرش ﮔﺮدﻳﺪﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﭘﺮاﻛﻨﺪﮔﻲ آﻧﻬﺎ در ﻗﺎﻋﺪه و ﻧﻮك زﺑﺎن در ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻮاﺣﻲ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻮد و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ در ﻧﻮاﺣﻲ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻲ زﺑﺎن، اﻳﻦ ﭘﺮزﻫﺎ در ﻟﺒﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪاﻧﺪ. ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺟﻮاﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﭼﺸﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ روي ﺳﻄﺢ ﭘﺸﺘﻲ ﭘﺮزﻫﺎي ﻗﺎرﭼﻲ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ، ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ 1/32 ± 3/272 ﺷﻤﺎرش ﮔﺮدﻳﺪﻧﺪ. ﺗﻌﺪاد ﭘﺮزﻫﺎي ﺟﺎﻣﻲ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪه ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺳﻪ ﻋﺪد ﺑﻮد ﻛﻪ ﻓﻘﻂ در ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﻗﺎﻋﺪهاي زﺑﺎن ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺟﻮاﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﭼﺸﺎﻳﻲ ﺷﻤﺎرش ﺷﺪه در ﻧﻮاﺣﻲ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ اﻳﻦ ﭘﺮزﻫﺎ در ﺑﺮشﻫﺎي ﺟﻠﻮ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻘﺐ 14±5/52 و ﻧﻴﺰ در ﺑﺮشﻫﺎي ﺧﺎرج ﺑﻪ داﺧﻞ 5/89± 11/8 ﺷﻤﺎرش ﮔﺮدﻳﺪﻧﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪات اﻳﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ در ﺟﻮاﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﭼﺸﺎﻳﻲ ﺳﻪ ﻧﻮع ﺳﻠﻮل ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ، ﺳﻠﻮلﻫﺎي ﺣﺴﻲ ﻋﺼﺒﻲ، ﺳﻠﻮلﻫﺎي ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎن و ﻧﻴﺰ ﺳﻠﻮلﻫﺎي ﻗﺎﻋﺪه اي وﺟﻮد دارﻧﺪ.

Hedgehog is an insectivore animal (it can be carnivore or omnivore in different live conditions) from true quadruped order. Anatomical structure of different system of this animal is not studied yet. hedgehog tongue was studied in this research. 5 tongue of puberty hedgehog was provided; First biometrical measurement was done then different type of lingual papillae was distinguished under stereomicroscope. samples fixe in paraffin and parafinized blocks were provided; these blocks were sectioned as serial. Also for counting of taste buds, circumvallate papillae were sectioned serially as craniocaudal and mediolateral. This research results were showed that hedgehog tongue has tree lingual papillae. They were filiform, fungiform and circumvallate papillae. Number of fungiform papillae was 78.33± 3.78 and they distributed in base and apex of tongue more than middle part. Also, it showed that fungiform papillae distributed in lateral border of mid portion of tongue extremely. Average of taste buds on fungiform papillae was 3.72±1.32. Number of circumvallate papillae was 3.272±1.32 that they were observed just in root of tongue. Number of circumvallate papillae taste buds was 14 ±5.52 in mediolateral secretions and 11.8±5.89 in craniolateral sections. This study results were appeared that taste buds of hedgehog tongue has tree type cells. They were sensory cells (neuroepithelial cells) supporting cells and basal cells. Lingual salivary glands in hedgehog tongue were serous, mucus and seromucus that serous secretory units were abundant in rostral portion and in caudal portion, mucus secretory units were abundant.