تبيين رابطه خسارت‌هاي جاني سرقت با نگرش به ترس و ناامني شهروندان بر اساس نظريه يادگيري اجتماعي

Explain the relationship between Physical damages of theft With an attitude to the fear and insecurity of citizens based on social learning theory

در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ راﺑﻄﻪ ﺧﺴﺎرت ﻫﺎي ﺟﺎﻧﯽ ﺳﺮﻗﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻧﮕﺮش ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮس و ﻧﺎاﻣﻨﯽ ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ ﯾﺎدﮔﯿﺮي ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ از ﻧﻮع ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﮐﻤﯽ و ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ از ﻧﻮع ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﯿﻮه ي ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ اﺟﺮاﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان اﺳﺘﺎن ﺧﺮاﺳﺎن ﺷﻤﺎﻟﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻓﺮﻣﻮل ﮐﻮﮐﺮان ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد 384 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ و ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ روش ﻃﺒﻘﻪ اي ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ ﺷﺪ. رواﯾﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺎﺋﯿﺪ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺗﻦ از ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎن و ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن اﯾﻦ ﺣﯿﻄﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ و ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ آن ﺑﻪ روش آﻟﻔﺎي ﮐﺮون ﺑﺎخ ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان 82/. ﺗﺎﺋﯿﺪ ﺷﺪ. داده ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﮔﺸﺘﺎوري ﭘﯿﺮﺳﻮن ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار اس.ﭘﯽ.اس.اس ﻧﺴﺨﻪ 18 ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ ازﻧﻈﺮ ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان ﺧﺴﺎرت ﻫﺎي ﺟﺎﻧﯽ ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از ﺳﺮﻗﺖ در ﻣﻌﺎﺑﺮ و اﻣﺎﮐﻦ، ﺟﯿﺐ ﺑﺮي و ﺳﺮﻗﺖ ﻣﻨﺰل ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﺳﺮﻗﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ راﺑﻄﻪ را ﺑﺎ ﻧﮕﺮش اﯾﺸﺎن ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮس و ﻧﺎاﻣﻨﯽ دارﻧﺪ. ازآﻧﺠﺎﮐﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ 8.6 درﺻﺪ ﭘﺎﺳﺨﮕﻮﯾﺎن ﻣﻮرد ﺳﺮﻗﺖ ﻗﺮارﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ؛ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ ﯾﺎدﮔﯿﺮي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ اﯾﻦ ﻃﻮر اﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎط ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد ﮐﻪ ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯿﺴﻢ ﻫﺎي دﯾﮕﺮي ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه و ﺗﻘﻠﯿﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺰ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﺳﺮﻗﺖ، ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻧﮕﺮش ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮس و ﻧﺎاﻣﻨﯽ اﯾﺸﺎن ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ ازاﯾﻦ رو ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد ﺟﻬﺖ ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ اي ﺑﺮاي ارﺗﻘﺎ اﻣﻨﯿﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ اﺟﺮاي ﻃﺮح ﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي از ﺟﺮم ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان از ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯿﺴﻢ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه و ﺗﻘﻠﯿﺪ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻓﺖ.

Much of a person's knowledge of the environment is based on his or her learning record. Stealing from social deviations is recurring, causing fear and insecurity in citizens by inflicting casualties. In this study, the relationship between the loss of life and theft is explained by the attitude towards fear and insecurity of citizens based on learning theory. This research is a quantitative and descriptive survey study that has been conducted in a correlational manner. The statistical population includes all citizens of North Khorasan province. The sample was obtained based on Cochran's formula to 384 people and the researcher-made questionnaire was distributed in a stratified manner according to the volume. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by several experts in this field and its reliability by Cronbach's alpha method was 82.. Confirmed. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 18. Based on the results, it was observed that from the citizens' point of view, the loss of life due to theft in the streets and places, pickpocketing and home theft, respectively, have the highest relationship with other attitudes towards fear and insecurity compared to other thefts. Because only 8.6% of respondents have been robbed, Based on social learning theory, it is inferred that other mechanisms such as observation and imitation, in addition to the direct experience of robbery, have determined their attitudes toward fear and insecurity. Implementation of crime prevention plans can use positive observation and imitation mechanisms.