تبيين مفهوم عدالت فضايي در اجراي طرح‌هاي جامع شهري (نمونۀ موردي: شهر گلپايگان)

Explaining the concept of spatial justice in the implementation of comprehensive urban plans (Case study: Golpayegan city)

ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﻣﺸﻬﻮد در ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﯾﺰي ﺷﻬﺮي در اﯾﺮان، اراﺋﻪ ﻧﺸﺪن اﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎي ﻣﺆﺛﺮ در زﻣﯿﻨﮥ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﺎﺑﺮاﺑﺮي ﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﺷﻬﺮي و ﺗﺮوﯾﺞ ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ در ﺷﻬﺮ و ﮐﺎرﺑﺮديﮐﺮدن آن ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﯾﺰي ﺷﻬﺮي ﮐﻤﮏ ﺷﺎﯾﺎﻧﯽ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ در اﺟﺮاي ﻃﺮح ﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ در ﺷﻬﺮ ﮔﻠﭙﺎﯾﮕﺎن ﻣﯽﭘﺮدازد. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻧﻮع ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي اﺳﺖ و ﮔﺮدآوري اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﻣﯿﺪاﻧﯽ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ و ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ( ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آزﻣﻮن ﺗﯽ ﺗﮏ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ اي و ﻓﺮﯾﺪﻣﻦ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺛﺎﻧﻮﯾﻪ در ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯿﻢ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮي و ﻣﺴﺎوات، ﺗﻨﻮع ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ، ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ ﻋﺎم، آزادي و ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ ﻣﺮدﻣﯽ، ﺷﻔﺎﻓﯿﺖ، ﺗﻔﺎوت، ﺳﺎزش و ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯿﺖداﺷﺘﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻃﺮح ﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎي ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ اﯾﻦ ﻃﺮح ﻫﺎ در ﺳﻄﺢ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻨﯽ ﻗﺮار دارﻧﺪ و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ در ﻃﺮح ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺷﻬﺮ ﮔﻠﭙﺎﯾﮕﺎن داراي اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ ﭼﻨﺪاﻧﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﯾﮑﺪﯾﮕﺮ ﻧﯿﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ راﻫﮑﺎرﻫﺎي ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ ﻋﺎدﻻﻧﮥ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ در ﻃﺮح ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺷﻬﺮ ﭘﯿﺶ ﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﻧﺸﺪه و در ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺐ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﻪ آنﻫﺎ اﺷﺎره ﻧﺸﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎ و ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻃﺮح ﺗﻮﺳﻌﮥ ﺷﻬﺮ ﮔﻠﭙﺎﯾﮕﺎن، آﺳﯿﺐ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ وﺿﻊ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد و ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻤﺒﻮدﻫﺎ و ﻧﻬﺎدﻫﺎي ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﯽ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦﻧﺸﺪن ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎه ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ در ﻃﺮح ﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﮥ ﺷﻬﺮي و ﺣﻮزه ﻫﺎي ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢﺳﺎزي ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮص در ﻃﺮح ﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ و ﻋﻤﺮان اﺳﺖ.

One of the obvious shortcomings in urban planning in Iran is the lack of effective models for reducing existing urban inequalities and promoting spatial justice. Explaining the concept of spatial justice in the city and applying it can be a great help to urban planning in cities. Therefore, the present study has investigated spatial justice in the implementation of development projects in Golpayegan. The present study is an applied research and data collection using field method (interview and questionnaire). Findings were analyzed using Spss and Minitab software using one-sample t-test. Indices of spatial justice are examined using secondary analysis in the concepts of equality, spatial diversity, public interest, freedom and popular participation, transparency, difference, harmony and generality, and the results of the study show the designs. The standards of spatial justice in these projects are at a low level. Also, the results of field findings show that the spatial justice indices that were analyzed using one-sample t-test are P-Value value less than 0.05 and reject the null hypothesis. ‌ Possibility and indicators of spatial justice are low. Also, the reliability of the questionnaire has been confirmed through Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.850. Also, the results of Golpayegan city master plan review show that the equitable distribution of benefits in the city master plan is not foreseen and has not been mentioned in the approval authorities.