رابطه‌ي بين"كيفيت زندگي" و "سلامت روان" مطالعه موردي: دانش‌آموزان دختر روستايي

Correlation between “Quality of Life” and “Mental Health” among Rural High School Students

ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ روان داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان اﺳﺖ و ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ آن ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑـﻪ ﺷـﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﺑﻬﺘﺮي از وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ و ﺳﻼﻣﺖ روان داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان ﺑﯿﻨﺠﺎﻣﺪ. ﻟﺬا، ﻫﺪف ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ راﺑﻄﻪ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ و ﺳﻼﻣﺖ رواﻧﯽ داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﻪ دوم اﺳﺖ. روش ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿـﺮ ﮐﻤـﯽ- ﻫﻤﺒﺴـﺘﮕﯽ و ﺑـﺎ اﺑـﺰار ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ و ﺑﺮ روي ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزي روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﺘﻮﺳـﻄﻪ ﺷﻬﺮﺳـﺘﺎن دﻫﻠـﺮان در ﺳـﺎل ﺗﺤﺼـﯿﻠﯽ 1396-7 ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري1176 ﻧﻔﺮ و ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺟﺪول ﻣﻮرﮔﺎن 308 ﻧﻔﺮ اﺳـﺖ. اﻋﺘﺒـﺎر ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺎﺗﯽ ﺗﻌﺪادي ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ )25 ﻣﻮرد( و ﺑـﺮ اﺳـﺎس آزﻣـﻮن آﻟﻔـﺎي ﮐﺮوﻧﺒـﺎخ ﻣـﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻓﺮﺿﯿﺎت ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ از آزﻣﻮنﻫﺎي آﻣﺎري ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﭘﯿﺮﺳﻮن، ﺗﯽ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ و رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺳﻼﻣﺖ رواﻧﯽ ﮔﻠﺪﺑﺮگ)1978( و ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن دادﻧﺪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧـﺪﮔﯽ داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان در ﺣﺪ ﺑﺎﻻ و ﺳﻄﺢ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ روان ﻧﯿﺰ در ﺣﺪ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ اﺳﺖ. ﺑـﯿﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﮐﯿﻔﯿـﺖ زﻧـﺪﮔﯽ و ﺳـﻼﻣﺖ روان راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري وﺟﻮد دارد. ﻣﯿﺰان اﯾﻦ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ) 0/70 =r ( و )0/05 ≤ P( ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﻧﯿﺰ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان 0/49 ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ روان را ﭘﯿﺶﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ. از ﻧﺘـﺎﯾﺞ دﯾﮕـﺮ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﺑﯿﻦ ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺖ و ﺳﻼﻣﺖ روان داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان ﺑﻮد. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﺛﺮﮔﺬاري ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ روان داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان، وزارت آﻣﻮزش و ﭘﺮورش ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺑﯿﺶ از ﻫﺮ اﻗﺪام دﯾﮕﺮي ﺑﺮ ﻣﻮﺿـﻮع ارﺗﻘـﺎء ﮐﯿﻔﯿـﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ روان داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان ﻧﻘﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺰاﯾﯽ دارد ﺗﻤﺮﮐﺰ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ.

Quality of life is one of the effective factors influencing high school students’ mental health, and its study can lead to a better understanding of their mental health status. Therefore, the present research studied the correlation between quality of life and mental health in high school students. Methodology:This quantitative correlational research used the questionnaire tool on the rural high school student community in Dehloran city in the school year 2017-2018.The statistical population consisted of 1176 students and, based on Morgan’s table, the sample size was 308.Validity and reliability of the questionnaire were determined through preliminary distribution of a number of questionnaires (25)and by employment of Cronbach’s alpha test. Statistical tests (Pearson correlation, independent t-test,and regression) were used to examine research hypotheses. Moreover, the employed questionnaire was a combination of Goldberg’s General Health Questionnaire (1978) and the researcher-made questionnaire on quality of life. Findings:Results showed that the students had a high quality of life and an average level of mental health. There was a significant correlation between quality of life and mental health (correlation coefficient r=0.70, and p≤0.05).Regression results indicated that the independent variable (quality of life) could explain 49% of the variation in the dependent variable (mental health) Moreover, there was a significant correlation between gender and student mental health. Conclusion:Given the substantial effect that quality of life has on students’mental health, the first step that the Ministry of Education should take is to concentrate on improving the quality of life of high school students through teaching them life skills.