ارائه مدل اخلاق حرفه‌اي مديران مدارس دوره متوسطه بر اساس آموزه‌هاي ديني

Providing a model of professional ethics of high school managers based on religious teachings

هدف اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ اراﺋﻪ ﻣﺪل اﺧﻼق ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي ﻣﺪﯾﺮان ﻣﺪارس دوره ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﻪ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس آﻣﻮزهﻫﺎي دﯾﻨﯽ ﺑﻮد. ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي از ﻧﻮع ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻣﺪﯾﺮان ﻣﺪارس دوره ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان در ﺳﺎل ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ 1397-98 ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻃﺒﻖ ﻓﺮﻣﻮل ﮐﻮﮐﺮان 323 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﺮآورد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮاي اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎ ن از ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد 400 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﺎ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﺧﻮﺷﻪاي ﭼﻨﺪﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪاي ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺤﻘﻖﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ 75 ﮔﻮﯾﻪاي ﺟﻤﻊآوري ﮐﻪ رواﯾﯽ ﺻﻮري و ﻣﺤﺘﻮاﯾﯽ آن ﺑﺎ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎن و رواﯾﯽ ﺳﺎزه آن ﺑﺎ روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ ﺗﺎﯾﯿﺪ و ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ آن ﺑﺎ روش آﻟﻔﺎي ﮐﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ 0/91 ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ از روشﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ اﮐﺘﺸﺎﻓﯽ و ﻣﺪلﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري در ﻧﺮماﻓﺰارﻫﺎي 20-SPSS و 2-Smart-Pls اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ اﺧﻼق ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي ﻣﺪﯾﺮان ﻣﺪارس ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس آﻣﻮزهﻫﺎي دﯾﻨﯽ اﺳﻼم داراي ﻫﻔﺖ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻓﻨﯽ- ﺗﺨﺼﺼﯽ، اﺧﻼﻗﯽ، ﻓﺮدي، اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ، ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﯽ و اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﻫﻤﻪ آﻧﻬﺎ داراي ﺑﺎر ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ، ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﺑﺮازش ﻣﺪل اﺧﻼق ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي ﻣﺪﯾﺮان ﻣﺪارس دوره ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﻪ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس آﻣﻮزهﻫﺎي دﯾﻨﯽ اﺳﻼم ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از ﺑﺮازش ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﺪل ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ و ﻫﺮ ﻫﻔﺖ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺪل ﻣﺬﮐﻮر اﺛﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ و ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار داﺷﺘﻨﺪ )0/05˂P(.

The aim of this research is to present a model of professional ethics of high school principals based on religious teachings. The present study was applied and of descriptive type. The research population was the high school principals of the city of Tehran in the 2018-19 academic year. The research sample was selected according to Cochran’s formula, including 233 people. To ensure the sample size, 400 people were selected as a sample by multi-stage cluster sampling method. Data were collected by the 75 items researcher-made questionnaire whose face and content validity were set by experts’ opinion. Its construct validity was determined by exploratory factor analysis, and its reliability was determined as 0.91 by Cronbach’s alpha method. To analyze the data, exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling methods in SPSS-20 and Smart-PLS-2 were used. The findings showed that the professional ethics of school principals based on religious teachings of Islam had seven factors of technical-professional, ethical, individual, social, legal, research and economic aspects, all of which had the appropriate factor load. Also, the fit indices of the model of professional ethics of the high school principals based on religious teachings of Islam indicated the proper fit of the model and all seven factors had a direct and significant effect on the model (P<0.05).