تحليل رويكردهاي حاكم بر مديريت ‌شهري مشهد دربارة توان‌يابان ‌و معلولان شهري

The Analysis of Urban Management Approaches in Mashhad Regarding Urban Disabled

در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ از ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﭘﻨﺞ دورة ﺷﻮراي اﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ درﺑﺎرة »ﺷﻬﺮ و ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻻن در ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ« اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺷﯿﻮة ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ-ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﺑﻮده و ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﯿﺮي از روش ﻫﺎي ﮐﻤﯽ-ﮐﯿﻔﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. در ﮔﺎم اول، ﺑﺎ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﮥ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ داﺧﻠﯽ و ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ، ﺟﻬﺖ ﮔﯿﺮي ﻫﺎي ﮐﻠﯽ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﯾﺰي ﻫﺎ در راﺳﺘﺎي ﺣﻀﻮر ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻻن در ﻓﻀﺎي ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪ. در اداﻣﻪ، در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏ ﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ، اﻟﮕﻮي ﭘﺮاﮐﻨﺶ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻻن در ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ ﺳﻨﺠﯿﺪه ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ اﻟﮕﻮي ﺧﻮﺷﻪ اي در اﺳﺘﻘﺮار ﺗﻮان ﯾﺎﺑﺎن در ﺷﻬﺮ و ﺿﺮورت ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ اﻟﮕﻮ در ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﯾﺰي ﻫﺎ را ﻣﻄﺮح ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ. ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ آرﺷﯿﻮ ﻣﺼﻮﺑﺎت ﺷﻮرا )ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 4530 ﻣﺼﻮﺑﻪ و ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻫﺮﯾﮏ از آنﻫﺎ( ﺑﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﺼﻮﺑﺎت ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻻن، ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 89 ﻣﺼﻮﺑﻪ )1/96 درﺻﺪ ﮐﻞ ﻣﺼﻮﺑﺎت و ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ 18 ﻣﺼﻮﺑﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮ دوره( و ذﺧﯿﺮه ﺳﺎزي آنﻫﺎ در ﻓﺎﯾﻞ اﮐﺴﻞ اﻗﺪام ﺷﺪ. دﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي از داده ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روشﻫﺎي آﻣﺎر ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. در اداﻣﻪ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﯿﺮي از روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺤﺘﻮا )در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﮐﺪﮔﺬاري ﺑﺎز، ﻣﺤﻮري و اﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﯽ(، روﯾﮑﺮدﻫﺎي ﺣﺎﮐﻢ ﺑﺮ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﯾﺰي ﻫﺮ دوره و درﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﮐﻞ دوره درﺑﺎرة ارﺗﻘﺎي ﻓﻀﺎي ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮان ﯾﺎﺑﺎن را آﺷﮑﺎر ﮐﺮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ در ﮐﺪﮔﺬاري ﺑﺎز، ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ 12 ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﮐﻠﯿﺪي در ﮐﺪﮔﺬاري ﻣﺤﻮري، ﭼﻬﺎر ﻣﺤﻮر ﻣﻬﻢ و در ﮐﺪﮔﺬاري اﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﯽ، ﺳﻪ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﮥ ﻣﺮﮐﺰي ﺣﻀﻮرﭘﺬﯾﺮي، ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﯿﺎزﻫﺎي اوﻟﯿﻪ و ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ارﺗﻘﺎي ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎه اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، ﺳﻼﻣﺖ و ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺖ ﺗﻮان ﯾﺎﺑﺎن ﺑﻮد. ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت، ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ در روﯾﮑﺮدﻫﺎي ﻫﺮ دوره ﺷﻮرا در ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮن ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﻧﺒﻮد روﯾﮑﺮد ﻣﻨﺴﺠﻢ و ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮓ در دوره ﻫﺎي ﻣﻮردﻧﻈﺮ در ﻣﻮاﺟﻬﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻻن در ﻓﻀﺎي ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ اﺳﺖ. از دﯾﮕﺮ ﺳﻮ، ﻣﺤﻮر روﯾﮑﺮدﻫﺎ، ﻋ ﻤ ﺪﺗ ﺎً ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺘﯽ )ﺗﮑﯿﻪ ﺑﺮ واﺑﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻓﺮد ﺗﻮان ﯾﺎب ﺑﻪ دﯾﮕﺮان در ﻓﻀﺎ(، ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺳﺎزي )ﺗﮑﯿﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻓﻀﺎي ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﺮاي ﺣﻀﻮر ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﺑﻪ ذات و ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ ﻓﺮد ﺗﻮان ﯾﺎب( اﺳﺖ. در ﻫﻤﯿﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎدﻫﺎﯾﯽ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﺳﻪ دورة زﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻮﺗﺎه، ﻣﯿﺎن ﻣﺪت و ﺑﻠﻨﺪﻣﺪت اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.

This study seeks to provide a complete picture of the activities of the 5 terms of the Islamic Council of Mashhad regarding the city and the disabled in the city of Mashhad.The study method is descriptive and analytical in which quantitative and qualitative methods have been used. In the first step, by studying the internal and Latin sources, Then, using spatial analysis techniques, we tried to measure the distribution pattern of the disabled in Mashhad. Then, by referring to the council approvals archive (including 4530 approvals and reviewing them one by one), the approvals related to the disabled were identified, including 89 approvals and saved them in an Excel file. We used descriptive statistics methods to categorize the data. Then using the content analysis method (in the form of open, axial and selective coding), Results in open coding; Identify 12 key issues, in axial coding; 4 important axes and in selective coding; 3 central categories: 1) attendance 2) attention to basic needs and 3) attention to promoting social status, health and hygiene of the disabled. Interpretation of information showed changes in the approaches of each council period on various issues. The results showed that there is no coherent and coordinated approach in all periods in dealing with the disabled in the city of Mashhad. It is necessary to adopt coordinated and comprehensive approaches in dealing with people with disabilities in the city. It is necessary to adopt coordinated and comprehensive approaches in dealing with people with disabilities in the city.