ﺳﻨﺘﺰ ﻧﺎﻧﻮذرات ﺗﯿﺘﺎﻧﯿﻮم ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻋﺼﺎره ﮔﯿﺎه ﻣﺮزه ﺑﻪ روش ﻓﺮاﺻﻮت؛ اﺛﺮات ﺿﺪ ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﺑﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺿﺪ ﭘﺎﺗﻮژنﻫﺎي ﻏﺬازاد و ﺳﻤﯿﺖ ﺳﻠﻮﻟﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺳﻠﻮلﻫﺎي ﻧﺮﻣﺎل و ﺳﺮﻃﺎﻧﯽ

Extraction of titanium nanoparticles of Saturaja rechengri Jamzad us-ing ultrasound techniques; the antimicrobial effect against food-borne pathogens and its cytotoxicity against normal and cancer cell lines

ﺳــﻨﺘﺰ ﺳــﺒﺰ ﻧــﺎﻧﻮذرات ﻣﺰاﯾــﺎﯾﯽ دارد ﮐــﻪ ﻣﯽﺗــﻮان ﺑــﻪ اﺟﺘﻨــﺎب از ﻣــﻮاد ﺷــﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﺧﻄﺮﻧــﺎك، ﭘﺮوﺳــﻪ ﺗﻤﯿــﺰ، ﻏﯿــﺮ ﺳــﻤﯽ، دوﺳﺘﺪار ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺖ، آﻣﺎدهﺳﺎزي آﺳـﺎن، ﺑـﻪ ﺻـﺮﻓﻪ ﺑـﻮدن و ﮐﻨﺘـﺮل ﺑـﺮ اﻧـﺪازه و ﺷـﮑﻞ ذرات اﺷـﺎره ﮐـﺮد. در اﯾـﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌـﻪ اﺑﺘـﺪا ﻋﺼـﺎره آﺑـﯽ ﮔﯿـﺎه ﻣـﺮزه رﯾﺸــﻨﮕﺮي ﺗﻬﯿـﻪ ﺷـﺪ و ﻧـﺎﻧﻮذرات ﺗﯿﺘـﺎﻧﯿﻮم ﺑـﻪ روش ﺳــﺒﺰ و ﻓﺮاﺻـﻮت ﺗﻮﻟﯿـﺪ ﺷـﺪ. ﺳـﭙﺲ ﺑــﻪ ﻣﻨﻈــﻮر ﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﯾﯽ ﻧــﺎﻧﻮذرات از آﻧــﺎﻟﯿﺰ UV، ﻃﯿــﻒ ﺳــﻨﺠﯽ ﺗﻔﮑﯿــﮏ اﻧــﺮژي EDS و آﻧــﺎﻟﯿﺰ ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﺳــﮑﻮپ اﻟﮑﺘﺮوﻧــﯽ روﺑﺸــﯽ و اﻧﺘﻘـــﺎﻟﯽ اﺳـــﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾـــﺪ. ﺳـــﭙﺲ MIC و MBC ﻧـــﺎﻧﻮذرات ﺑـــﺮ ﺿـــﺪ ﭘﺎﺗﻮژنﻫـــﺎي اﺷﺮﺷـــﯿﺎﮐﻠﯽ O157:H7 و ﻟﯿﺴـــﺘﺮﯾﺎ ﻣﻨﻮﺳــﯿﺘﻮژﻧﺰ و ﺳــﻤﯿﺖ ﺳــﻠﻮﻟﯽ ﻧــﺎﻧﻮذرات در رﻗــﺖﻫــﺎي 50 ،25 ،12/5 ، 100 و 200 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔــﺮم ﺑــﺮ ﻣﯿﻠﯽﻟﯿﺘــﺮ ﺑــﺮ روي رده ﺳـﻠﻮﻟﯽ ﺳـﺮﻃﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻮﻟـﻮن )29-HT( و ﺳـﻠﻮلﻫﺎي ﻧﺮﻣـﺎل HEK-293)( ارزﯾـﺎﺑﯽ ﺷـﺪ. ﻣﺤﻠـﻮل ﺣـﺎوي ﻧـﺎﻧﻮذرات ﺑـﺎ ﺟـﺬب در ﻧﺎﺣﯿــﻪ 352 ﻧــﺎﻧﻮﻣﺘﺮ ﻧﺸــﺎندﻫﻨﺪه ﺳــﻨﺘﺰ ﻧــﺎﻧﻮذرات ﺗﯿﺘــﺎﻧﯿﻮم ﺗﻮﺳــﻂ ﻋﺼــﺎره آﺑــﯽ ﮔﯿــﺎه ﻣــﺮزه ﺑــﻮد. در ﻣﺤﻠــﻮل ﮐﻠﻮﺋﯿــﺪي ﻧــﺎﻧﻮذرات، اﺷــﮑﺎل ﻧــﺎﻧﻮذرات ﮐــﺮوي ﻣﺸــﺎﻫﺪه ﺷــﺪ ﮐــﻪ از ﻧﻈــﺮ اﻧــﺪازه از 37/4 ﺗــﺎ 49/6 ﻧــﺎﻧﻮﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﻮدﻧــﺪ. ﻧــﺎﻧﻮذرات در ﻏﻠﻈــﺖ 20 ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﮔــﺮم در ﻣﯿﻠﯽﻟﯿﺘــﺮ ﻣﻮﺟــﺐ ﻣﻬــﺎر رﺷــﺪ ﻟﯿﺴــﺘﺮﯾﺎ ﻣﻨﻮﺳــﯿﺘﻮژﻧﺰ و اﺷﺮﺷــﯿﺎﮐﻠﯽ ﺷــﺪ. ﻧــﺎﻧﻮذرات ﺗﯿﺘــﺎﻧﯿﻮم ﺳــﻨﺘﺰ ﺷــﺪه در اﯾــﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌــﻪ اﺛــﺮات ﺳــﻤﯽ ﺑــﺮ ﺳــﻠﻮلﻫﺎي ﻧﺮﻣــﺎل ﻧﺪاﺷــﺖ، در ﺣــﺎﻟﯽ ﮐــﻪ در ﻏﻠﻈــﺖ 183 ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﮔــﺮم در ﻣﯿﻠــﯽﻟﯿﺘــﺮ ﻣــﺎﻧﻊ رﺷــﺪ ﺣــﺪود 50 درﺻــﺪ ﺳــﻠﻮلﻫــﺎي ﺳــﺮﻃﺎﻧﯽ ﺷــﺪ. ﻧﺘــﺎﯾﺞ اﯾــﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌــﻪ، ﻧﮕﺮاﻧــﯽﻫــﺎ ﺑﺎﺑــﺖ ﺧﻄــﺮات اﺳــﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧــﺎﻧﻮذرات ﺗﯿﺘـﺎﻧﯿﻮم را ﮐـﻢ ﮐــﺮده و زﻣﯿﻨـﻪ را ﺑـﺮاي اﺳــﺘﻔﺎده ﺑﯿﺸـﺘﺮ اﯾـﻦ ﻣــﺎده در ﺑﺴـﺘﻪﺑﻨـﺪي ﻣــﻮاد ﻏـﺬاﯾﯽ ﺑـﻪ ﻣﻨﻈــﻮر اﻓـﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣــﺪت ماندگاري فراهم مي‌كند.

Green synthesis of nanoparticles has some advantages including the commitments to avoid harmful chemicals, clean process, eco-friendly, easy preparation, economical and control on size and shape of particles. In this study, water extract of Saturaja rechengri Jamzad was prepared and titanium nanoparticles produced using green and ultrasound techniques. Then, in order to characterize the nanoparticles, UV analysis, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and TEM and SEM analysis were performed. MIC and MBC of nanoparticles against E. coli O157:H7 and L. monocytogenes and cytotoxicity in 12.5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/ml on HT-29 and HEK-293 cell lines were also determined. Nanoparticles had absorption at 352 nm which showed synthesis of titanium nanoparticles using Saturaja rechengri Jamzad extract. Spherical shape of nanoparticles was detected in colloidal solution with 37.4 to 49.6 nm. Titanium nanoparticles could stop the growth of E. coli O157:H7 and L. monocytogenes at 20 µg/ml. The nanoparticles did not revealany cytotoxic effect on the normal cells, while it was stop the growth of 50% of cancer cells at 183 µg/ml. The results of this study decreased the anxiety of using titanium nanoparticles and increased the potential of using this nanoparticle in food packaging to finally extend shelf life of food.