اثر پوشش هاي كاهنده تبخير بر شاخص هاي فيزيولوژيكي رشد ذرت سينگل كراس 704

The effect of evaporation reducing coatings on physiological indices of single cross corn growth 704

ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳـﯽ ﺷـﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﻓﯿﺰﯾﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ رﺷـﺪ ذرت، آزﻣﺎﯾﺸـﯽ در ﺳـﺎل زراﻋﯽ1393 اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷـﺪ. آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺻـﻮرت ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮك ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼـﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳـﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎ ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ ﺷـﺎﻫﺪ ﺑﺪون ﭘﻮﺷـﺶ(، ﭘﻮﺷـﺶ ﭘﻼﺳـﺘﯿﮏ ﺷـﻔﺎف، ﭘﻼﺳـﺘﯿﮏ ﺳـﯿﺎه، ﮔﻮﻧﯽ ﻧﺨﯽ، ﮔﻮﻧﯽ ﭘﻼﺳـﺘﯿﮏ ﺳـﻔﯿﺪ و آﺑﯽ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ از ﺳـﻄﺢ ﺧﺎك و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﯿﺰان آب ﻣﺼـﺮﻓﯽ ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎت ﮐﺎﺷـﺖ و داﺷـﺖ ﻃﺒﻖ اﺻـﻮل زراﻋﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷـﺪ. رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﺧﺎك در ﻧﺎﺣﯿﻪ رﯾﺸـﻪ در ﻃﻮل ﻓﺼـﻞ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ دﺳـﺘﮕﺎه ﺗﺘﺎﭘﺮوپ اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﺷـﺪ و ﻣﯿﺰان و زﻣﺎن ﻫﺮ اﺗﻔﺎق آﺑﯿﺎري ﺑﺮ اﺳـﺎس MAD=50 ﺑﺎ ﺗﺄﻣﯿﻦ ﻧﯿﺎز آﺑﯽ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ و اﻋﻤﺎل ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸـﺎن داد ﺑﯿﺶﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺷـﺎﺧﺺ ﺳـﻄﺢ ﺑﺮگ، ﺷـﺎﺧﺺ رﺷـﺪ ﻣﺤﺼـﻮل، ﺷـﺎﺧﺺ رﺷـﺪ ﻧﺴـﺒﯽ و ﻣﯿﺰان ﺟﺬب ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﭘﻮﺷـﺶ ﮔﻮﻧﯽ ﺳـﻔﯿﺪ و ﮔﻮﻧﯽ آﺑﯽ اﺳـﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪدﻟﯿﻞ ﺣﻔﻆ آب و ذﺧﯿﺮه رﻃﻮﺑﺖ در ﺧﺎك و ﺧﻨـﮏ ﺑﻮدن ﻣﺤﯿﻂ رﺷــﺪ ﮔـﯿﺎه ﻣﯽـﺑﺎﺷــﺪ و ﻧﻬـﺎﯾﺘـﺎ ﺳـــﺒﺐ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ رﺷــﺪ ﻣﺤﺼــﻮل و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ـﺑﺎﻻ ﻣﯽﮔﺮدد و ﮐﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘـﺪار ﺷــﺎﺧﺺﻫـﺎي ﻓﯿﺰﯾﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﭘﻮﺷـﺶ ﭘﻼﺳـﺘﯿﮏ ﺳـﯿﺎه اﺳـﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ اﯾﻦ اﻣﺮ ﮐﻤﺒﻮد رﻃﻮﺑﺖ و ﻧﺒﻮدن ﺷـﺮاﯾﻂ ﻣﻄﻠﻮب رﺷـﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﮔﯿﺎه ﺑﻮده اﺳـﺖ ﮐﻪ ـﺑﺎﻋـﺚ ﮐﻢﺑﻮدن ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺷــﺪه اﺳــﺖ. ﺑﻨـﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﯽ ﺳــﻔﯿـﺪ و ﮔﻮﻧﯽ آﺑﯽ ﺑﯿﺶﺗﺮﯾﻦ ـﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ در ﺣﻔﻆ رﻃﻮﺑـﺖ آب و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻣﺤﺼــﻮل را دارا مي باشند

In order to study the physiological indices of maize growth, an experiment was conducted in the 2014 crop year. The experiment was performed as a randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatments included control (uncovered), clear plastic coating, black plastic, cotton sack, white and blue plastic sack. In the root zone during the season was measured using a tetaprop device and the amount and time of each irrigation event was determined and applied based on MAD = 50 with full water requirement. The results showed the highest leaf area index, crop growth index, index Relative growth and net uptake are related to white sacking and water sacking, which is due to water retention and moisture storage in the soil and cool plant growth environment, and ultimately increases crop growth and high yield and low The highest amount of physiological indicators is related to black plastic coating, which is due to lack of moisture and lack of favorable growing conditions for the plant, which has led to poor yields, so white sack and blue sack have the greatest impact on maintaining water moisture. an‎d have crop yield