تبيين نقش و جايگاه بازيگران قومي- مذهبي ،در ساختار جغرافياي فرهنگي سوريه با تاكيد بر نقش تاثيرگذار علويان

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ﺑﺎرﺳﯿﺪن ﻣﻮج ﺑﯿﺪاري اﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﺟﻬﺎن ﻋﺮب ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮرﯾﻪ،ﯾﮑﯽ از ﭘﯿﭽﯿﺪه ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﭼﺎﻟﺸﻬﺎي ﻣـﺬﻫﺒﯽ ﻗـﻮﻣﯽ درﻣﻨﻄﻘـﻪ ﻏﺮب آﺳﯿﺎرﻏﻢ ﺧﻮرد وﺑﺴﯿﺎري از ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ اي وﻓﺮاﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ اي را ﺑﻪ ﮐﺸﻮر ﻣﺘﻮﺟﻪ ﺳـﺎﺧﺖ. ﺷـﺎﯾﺪ ﺑﺘـﻮان ﮔﻔﺖ ﮐﻪ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ژﭘﻮ ﮐﺎﺳﭙﺮ ﺳﻮرﯾﻪ و ﻧﻘﺶ اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋﯾﮏ اﯾﻦ ﮐﺸﻮر در ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺎت ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻬﺎي و ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ در اﯾﺠﺎ اﯾــﻦ ﻧــﺎ آراﻣــﯽ ﺳــﻮرﯾﻪ ﻣــﻮﺛﺮ ﺑــﻮده اﺳــﺖ. ﻫﺮﭼﻨــﺪﺗﺤﻮﻻت ﺻــﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘــﻪ درﺳــﻮرﯾﻪ ﺗﺎﺣــﺪودي رﯾﺸــﻪ درﻧﺎرﺿﺎﯾﺘﯽ ﻫﺎي اﻗﻮام ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ واوﺿﺎع ﭘﺮﺗﻨﺶ داﺧﻠﯽ اﯾﻦ ﮐﺸﻮرداﺷﺘﻪ اﻣﺎ ﺑﺪون ﺗﺮدﯾﺪ وﺟﻮد ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ ﻣﺸـﺘﺮك و ﮔﺎه ﻣﺘﻀﺎد ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ در ﺳﻮرﯾﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺟﻨﮓ ﻫﺎي ﻗﻮﻣﯽ و ﻣﺬﻫﺒﯽ و ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﺑﺤﺮان ﺑﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻧﺒﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮح اﯾﻦ ﺳﻮال ﮐﻪ ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎه ﺑﺎزﯾﮕﺮان ﻗـﻮﻣﯽ و ﻣـﺬﻫﺒﯽ ﺑـﺮ ﺳـﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿـﺎي ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕـﯽ ﺳﻮرﯾﻪ ﭼﻪ ﺑﻮده و ﻧﻘﺶ ﺣﮑﻮﻣﺖ ﻋﻠﻮﯾﺎن در اﯾﻦ وﻗﻮع ﺑﺤﺮان ﻫﺎ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺑـﻮده اﺳـﺖ ﻣـﯽ ﺧـﻮاﻫﯿﻢ ﺑـﺎ روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎه ﻗﻮﻣﯽ و ﻣﺬﻫﺒﯽ در ﺑﺤﺮان ﺳﻮرﯾﻪ ﺑﭙﺮدازﯾﻢ.

With the arrival of the wave of Islamic awakening in the Arab world to Syria, one of the most complex ethnic religious challenges in the West Asian regionwas overcome and many regional and trans-regional countries realized this country. Perhaps the importance of Geneva Casper Syria and its strategic role in Regional and international relations have contributed to the creation and perpetuation of this unrest.Although the developments in Syria are partly rooted in the dissatisfaction of different ethnic groups and the tense internal situation in this country, there is no doubt that the common and sometimes conflicting interests of foreign countries in Syria have not been ineffective in determining ethnic and religious war and crisis. By asking the question, what was the position of ethnic-religious actors in the structure of Syria's cultural geography and the role of the Alawite government after the crisis? It tries to explain the religious-ethnic position in the structure of Syria and the role of the Alawite government in the crisis by using descriptive-analytical method and using library studies and objective observations. In this regard, the following hypotheses were proposed: ethnic-religious status and government The Alawites are shaky in Syria Studies to prove the hypothesis show that after the crisis, the ethnic-religious divide in Syria has expanded after the civil war, and on the other hand, the ruling Alawite regime in Syria has strongly shifted its position from Lost.