بررسي اثرات ساختارهاي موثرگردشگري بر توسعه پايدار شهرستان گلوگاه

Investigating the Effects of Tourism Effective Structures on Sustainable Development in Glougah County

ﭼﮑﯿﺪه اﺻﻮﻻ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﮫ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي در ھﺮ ﮐﺸﻮري ﻧﯿﺎزﻣﻨﺪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﮫ ﮔﺬاري در ﺑﺨﺶ ھﺎ و ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ھﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي آن ﮐﺸﻮر اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺪون ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﮫ ﮔﺬاري در ﻃﺮح ھﺎي زﯾﺮﺑﻨﺎﯾﯽ، ﻧﻤﯽ ﺗﻮان اﻧﺘﻈﺎر ﮔﺴﺘﺮش اﺷﺘﻐﺎل، ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ و رﻓﺎه اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي را داﺷﺖ. ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي، ﯾﮑﯽ از ﭘﻮﯾﺎﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ھﺎي اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﻋﺼﺮ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ اﺳﺖ ﮐﮫ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﮭﻤﯽ در ﺗﻮﺳﻌﮫ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار ﻣﺤﻠﯽ اﯾﻔﺎ ﻣ ﯽﮐﻨﺪ و داراي اﺑﻌﺎد ﻣﺎدي و ﻣﻌﻨﻮي اﺳﺖ ﮐﮫ ھﺮ ﮐﺪام ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ دﯾﮕﺮي را ﻣﺠﺬوب ﺧﻮد ﻧﻤﺎﯾﻨﺪ و اﻣﺮوزه ﺑﮫ ﻋﻨﻮان ﮔﺴﺘﺮده ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﯽ دﻧﯿﺎ، ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎه وﯾﮋه اي در ﻋﺮﺻﮫ ھﺎي اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي، ﻓﺮھﻨﮕﯽ، اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ ﺑﮫ ﺧﻮد اﺧﺘﺼﺎص داده اﺳﺖ. ھﺪف اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوھﺶ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮات ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرھﺎي ﻣﻮﺛﺮﮔﺮد ﺷﮕﺮي ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﮫ ﭘﺎﯾﺪارﺷﮭﺮ ﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﻠﻮ ﮔﺎه ا ﺳﺖ. ﭘﮋوھﺶ ﺣﺎ ﺿﺮ از ﻧ ﻈﺮ ھﺪف ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي و از ﻧ ﻈﺮ ﺷﯿﻮه ا ﺟﺮا ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ- ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﮫ آﻣﺎري در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﺧﺎﻧﻮارھﺎي ﺷﮭﺮﺳﺘﺎنﮔﻠﻮﮔﺎه، ﻣﺪﯾﺮان و ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮان ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﺮاي ھﺮ ﺳﮫ ﮔﺮوه ﺑﮫ ﺗﻔﮑ ﯿﮏ اﻧ ﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه ا ﺳﺖ(. ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺘ ﺨﺎب ﺣ ﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮ ﻧﮫ از ﻓﺮ ﻣﻮل ﮐﻮﮐﺮان اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﮐﮫ در ﺑﯿﻦ ﺧﺎﻧﻮارھــﺎ ﺗﻌــﺪاد 360 ﭘﺮﺳﺸــﻨﺎﻣﮫ، در ﮔــﺮوه ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮان ﺗﻌﺪاد 285 ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﮫ و در ﮔﺮوه ﻣﺴﻮﻟﯿﻦ ﺗﻌﺪاد 50 ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﮫ ﺑــﮫ ﺻﻮرت ﻃﺒﻘﮫ ﺑﻨﺪي ﻧﺴﺒﺘﯽ ﺷﺪه اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﺰﯾﮫ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿــﻞ داده-ھﺎ از ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار ﻣﯿﮏ ﻣﮏ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﮋوھﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﮫ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ-ﻓﺮھﻨﮕﯽ، ﻧﮭﺎدي، اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي و ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﺑﮫ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬاري را درﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي ﺷﮭﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﻠﻮﮔﺎه دارﻧﺪ. و از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮﭘﺬﯾﺮي ﺑﮫ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ- ﻓﺮھﻨﮕﯽ، ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ، اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي و ﻧﮭﺎدي رﺗﺒﮫ ﺑﻨﺪي ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. و اﯾﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬاري ﻏﯿﺮﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺗﮑﺮار ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.

In principle, economic development in any country requires investment in various sectors and economic activities of that country, and without investing in infrastructure projects, one cannot expect employment expansion, production, and economic prosperity. Tourism is one of the most dynamic economic activities of the modern era, playing an important role in sustainable local development and has the material and spiritual dimensions that can appeal to each other, and today, as the world's largest service industry, a special place In the economic, cultural, social and political spheres. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of effective tourism structures on the sustainable development of Gloucester County. The present study is of applied purpose and analytical-descriptive method of implementation. The statistical population in this study is Glougah city households, managers and tourists. The Cochran formula was used to select the sample size. 360 questionnaires were used among households, 285 for tourists and 50 for proportionate ones in the authorities. The data were analyzed using the McMach model. The results showed that socio-cultural, institutional, economic and environmental structure have the most influence on tourism in Golgouh city respectively. In terms of impact, social-cultural, environmental, economic and institutional structure were ranked accordingly. an‎d this has been repeated for indirect influence.