اثر عصاره گياه آويشن شيرازي (Zataria multiflora) بر فعاليت آنزيم‌هاي كبدي و شاخص‌هاي رشد در ماهي كلمه (Rutilus rutilus caspicus)

The effect of Zataria multiflora extract on growth performance and liver enzyme activities in Caspian Roach (Rutilus rutilus caspicus)

ﮔﯾﺎه آوﯾﺷن ﺷﯾرازي )Zataria multiflora( ﯾﮑﯽ از ﮔﯾﺎھﺎﻧﯽ اﺳت كه جنبه ھﺎي داروﯾﯽ ﻣؤﺛري ﺑراي آن ﻗﺎﺋل ﺷده اﻧد. ھدف از اﯾن ﻣطﺎﻟﻌﮫ، ﺗﻌﯾﯾن اﺛر ﻋﺻﺎره ﮔﯾﺎه آوﯾﺷن ﺷﯾرازي ﺑر ﻋﻣﻠﮑرد رﺷد و ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯾت آﻧزﯾمھﺎي ﺳرم ﺧون در ﻣﺎھﯽ ﮐﻠﻣﮫ )Rutilus rutilus caspicus( ﺑﮫ ﻣدت 60روز ﺑود. ﺗﻌداد 240ﻣﺎھﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﯾﺎﻧﮕﯾن وزﻧﯽ 1/20± 30/25 ﮔﺮم در ﯾﮏ طرح ﮐﺎﻣﻼً ﺗﺻﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ 4ﺗﯾﻣﺎر آزﻣﺎﯾﺷﯽ و 3ﺗﮑرار )ﺑﺎ ﺗﻌداد 20ﻗطﻌﮫ در ھر ﺗﮑرار( در ﺳﺎل 1398 ﻣورد آزﻣﺎﯾش ﻗرار ﮔرﻓﺗﻧد. ﺗﯾﻣﺎر ﺷﺎھد )ﺑدون ﻋﺻﺎره ﮔﯾﺎه( و ﺗﯾﻣﺎرھﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺷﯽ 2، 3و 4به ﺗرﺗﯾب داراي 0/25، 0/5و 0/75ﮔرم ﻋﺻﺎره ﮔﯾﺎه آوﯾﺷن ﺷﯾرازي ﺑﮫ ازاي ھر ﮐﯾﻠوﮔرم ﺟﯾره ﺑودﻧد. در ﭘﺎﯾﺎن آزﻣﺎﯾش، ﻣﺷﺧص ﺷد ﮐﮫ ﺑﯾﺷﺗرﯾن وزن اﻧﺗﮭﺎﯾﯽ، اﻓزاﯾش وزن ﺑدن و ﻧرخ رﺷد وﯾژه در ﺗﯾﻣﺎر 4ﺑﺎ 0/75ﮔرم ﻋﺻﺎره ﮔﯾﺎه آوﯾﺷن ﺷﯾرازي در ﮐﯾﻠوﮔرم ﺟﯾره ﻏذاﯾﯽ دﯾده ﺷد ﮐﮫ ﺑﺎ ﺗﯾﻣﺎر ﺷﺎھد اﺧﺗﻼف ﻣﻌﻧﯽداري داﺷت. ھمﭼﻧﯾن ﺑﯾﺷﺗرﯾن ﻣﯾزان ﺿرﯾب ﺗﺑدﯾل ﻏذاﯾﯽ در ﺗﯾﻣﺎر ﺷﺎھد و ﮐﻣﺗرﯾن ﻣﯾزان ﺿرﯾب ﺗﺑدﯾل ﻏذاﯾﯽ در ﺗﯾﻣﺎر 4ﺑﺎ 0/75ﮔرم ﻋﺻﺎره ﮔﯾﺎه آوﯾﺷن ﺷﯾرازي در ﮐﯾﻠوﮔرم ﺟﯾره ﻏذاﯾﯽ ﻣﺷﺎھده ﺷد. ﻣﯾزان آﻧزﯾمھﺎي آﻟﮑﺎﻟﯾن ﻓﺳﻔﺎﺗﺎز، آﻻﻧﯾن آﻣﯾﻧوﺗراﻧﺳﻔراز، آﺳﭘﺎرﺗﺎت آﻣﯾﻧوﺗراﻧﺳﻔراز و ﻻﮐﺗﺎت دھﯾدروژﻧﺎز در ﺗﯾﻣﺎرھﺎي ﺣﺎوي ﻋﺻﺎره ﮔﯾﺎه آوﯾﺷن ﺷﯾرازي ﻧﺳﺑت ﺑﮫ ﺗﯾﻣﺎر ﺷﺎھد ﮐﻣﺗر ﺑود و اﺧﺗﻼف ﻣﻌﻧﯽداري ﺑﯾن ﻣﯾزان اﯾن آﻧزﯾمھﺎ ﺑﯾن ﺗﯾﻣﺎرھﺎ ﻣﺷﺎھده ﺷد ) 0/05< P(. ﮐﻣﺗرﯾن ﻣﯾزان آﻧزﯾم ھﺎي ﺳرم ﻣورد آزﻣﺎﯾش در ﺗﯾﻣﺎر 4ﮐﮫ داراي 0/75ﮔرم ﻋﺻﺎره ﮔﯾﺎه آوﯾﺷن ﺷﯾرازي در ﮐﯾﻠوﮔرم ﺟﯾره ﻏذاﯾﯽ ﻣﺷﺎھده ﺷد. ﻧﺗﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻل از اﯾن ﻣطﺎﻟﻌﮫ ﻧﺷﺎن داد ﮐﮫ رژﯾم ﻏذاﯾﯽ ﺣﺎوي ﻋﺻﺎره ﮔﯾﺎه آوﯾﺷن ﻣوﺟب ﺑﮭﺑود ﻋﻣﻠﮑرد رﺷد و ﮐﺎھش آﻧزﯾم ھﺎي ﮐﺑدي در ماهي كلمه ﻣﯽﺷود.

Zataria multiflora it is one of the plants that has been considered as an effective medicinal aspect. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Zataria multiflora extract on growth function and serum enzyme activities in Caspian Roach (Rutilus rutilus caspicus) for 60 days. 240 fish with an average weight of 30.25±1.20 g were tested in a completely randomized design with 4 experimental treatments and 3 replications (with 20 pieces per replication) in 2019. The control treatment (without plant extract) and the experimental treatments 2, 3 and 4 had 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 g of plant extract per kg of diet, respectively. At the end of the experiment, it was found that the highest final weight, body weight gain and specific growth rate were observed in treatment 4 including 0.75 g of Zataria multiflora extract per kg of diet, which showed significantly different from the control treatment. Also, the highest feed conversion ratio was observed in the control treatment and the lowest feed conversion ratio was observed in treatment 4 with 0.75 g of Zataria multiflora extract per kg of diet. Also, the levels of ALP, ALT, AST and LDH enzymes in the treatments with sage extract were lower than the control treatment and a significant difference was observed between the levels of these enzymes between the treatments (p <0.05). The lowest amount of serum enzymes was observed in treatment 4, which contains 0.75 g of Zataria multiflora extract per kg of diet. The results of present study showed that diets containing Z. multiflora improve growth performance and reduce liver enzyme levels in R. rutilus caspicus.