افزايش عمر گلجايي برگ‌هاي بريده پرنده بهشتي با كاربرد پس از برداشت تيديازورون و كيتوزان

Enhancing the Vase Life of Strelitzia reginae Cut Leaves by Postharvest Application of Thidiazuron and Chitosan

ﻫﺪف از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﻣﻮﻗﺖ 24 ﺳﺎﻋﺘﯽ ﺗﯿﺪﯾﺎزورون )ﺻﻔﺮ، 8 و 16 ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﻣﻮﻻر( و ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻟﭙﺎﺷﯽ ﺑﺮﮔﯽ ﮐﯿﺘﻮزان )ﺻﻔﺮ، 250 و 500 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم در ﻟﯿﺘﺮ( ﺑﺮ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﭘﺲ از ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ﺑﺮگﻫﺎي ﺑﺮﯾﺪه ﮔﯿﺎه ﭘﺮﻧﺪه ﺑﻬﺸﺘﯽ ﺑﻮد. در ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺎﻧﯽ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ، ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 8 ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﻣﻮﻻر ﺗﯿﺪﯾﺎزورون، ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ )22/11 ﮔﺮم( و ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺷﺎﻫﺪ، ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ )28/98 ﮔﺮم( ﮐﺎﻫﺶ وزن ﺗﺮ ﺑﺮگ را داﺷﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ )7/75 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﻟﯿﺘﺮ( و ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ )4 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﻟﯿﺘﺮ( ﺟﺬب ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ در ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 8 ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﻣﻮﻻر ﺗﯿﺪﯾﺎزورون و 500 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم در ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﮐﯿﺘﻮزان ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ. ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ )27/51 و 2/52( و ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ )12/58 و 0/30( ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺳﺒﺰﯾﻨﮕﯽ و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ ﻓﺘﻮﺳﻨﺘﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ در ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 8 ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﻣﻮﻻر ﺗﯿﺪﯾﺎزورون و ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ، Fv/Fm در ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 8 ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﻣﻮﻻر ﺗﯿﺪﯾﺎزورون و 500 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم در ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﮐﯿﺘﻮزان ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ )0/46( و ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ )0/12( ﺑﻮد. ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد 16 ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﻣﻮﻻر ﺗﯿﺪﯾﺎزورون + 500 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم در ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﮐﯿﺘﻮزان ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي رﻧﮓ ﺑﺮگ )b ،a ،L و ﮐﺮوﻣﺎ( را ﻧﺸﺎن داد. ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ ﮔﻠﺠﺎﯾﯽ )12/87 روز( ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد 16 ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﻣﻮﻻر ﺗﯿﺪﯾﺎزورون ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ ﮔﻠﺠﺎﯾﯽ )21 روز( در ﺑﺮگﻫﺎي ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ 8 ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﻣﻮﻻر ﺗﯿﺪﯾﺎزورون ﯾﺎ 16 ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﻣﻮﻻر ﺗﯿﺪﯾﺎزورون + 500 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم در ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﮐﯿﺘﻮزان ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ.

The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of 24 h pulls treatment of thidiazuron (TDZ at 0, 8, and 16 µM) and foliar application of chitosan (CS at 0, 250, and 500 mg/L) on the postharvest quality of Strelitzia reginae cut leaves. In the last week of the experiment, 8 µM TDZ and the control treatment showed the lowest (22.11 g) and the highest (28.98 g) leaf fresh weight loss, respectively. The highest (7.75 ml) and the lowest (4 ml) solution uptake was obtained by using 8 µM TDZ and 500 mg/L CS, respectively. The maximum (27.51 and 2.52) and the minimum (12.58 and 0.30) values of SPAD index and performance index (PI) were observed in 8 µM TDZ and control treatments, respectively. The highest (0.46) and the lowest (0.12) values of Fv/Fm were obtained by using 8 µM TDZ and 500 mg/L CS, respectively. Application of 16 µM TDZ + 500 mg/L CS exhibited the best color indices (L, a, b, and chroma). Using 16 µM TDZ, the lowest vase life (12.87 days) was obtained. The maximum vase life (21 days) was obtained in the leaves treated by 8 µM TDZ or 16 µM TDZ + 500 mg/L CS, which were the best treatments in the present study.