كليدواژه :
ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﮐﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي اﺳﻤﺰي , ﺣﺠﻢ رﯾﺸﻪ , ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺣﺴﺎﺳﯿﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﺶ , ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﻧﺴﺒﯽ آب ﺑﺮگ
چكيده فارسي :
ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ ﺷﺶ رﻗﻢ اﻧﮕﻮر اﯾﺮاﻧﯽ در ﮔﻠﺪان و ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ ﺑﺎ دو ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر رﻗﻢ )رﻃﺒﯽ، رﺷﻪ، ﭼﻔﺘﻪ، ﺑﯿﺪاﻧﻪ ﺳﻔﯿﺪ، ﺧﻠﯿﻠﯽ و ﻟﻌﻞ( و ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي رﻃﻮﺑﺘﯽ 40% آب در دﺳﺘﺮس ﺧﺎك )ﺗﻨﺶ( و 80% آب در دﺳﺘﺮس ﺧﺎك )ﺷﺎﻫﺪ( ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻪﻃﻮرﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪاي اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. زﯾﺮ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ، ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ اﻧﺒﺎﺷﺖ ﮐﺮﺑﻮﻫﯿﺪراتﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﻠﻮل و ﭘﺮوﻟﯿﻦ )ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 50/36 و 4/25 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم در ﮔﺮم وزن ﺗﺎزه ﺑﺮگ( و ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺣﺴﺎﺳﯿﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﺶ )ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ 2/47( و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ رﺷﺪ در رﻗﻢ ﺑﯿﺪاﻧﻪ ﺳﻔﯿﺪ دﯾﺪه ﺷﺪ. رﻗﻢ ﭼﻔﺘﻪ اﻓﺰون ﺑﺮ رﺷﺪ ﻣﻄﻠﻮب در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﻧﺴﺒﯽ داراي ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺣﺴﺎﺳﯿﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﺶ ﮐﻤﯽ ﺑﻮده )ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ 0/60( و ﻣﺘﺤﻤﻞﺗﺮﯾﻦ رﻗﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ ﺑﻮد. رﻗﻢ ﺧﻠﯿﻠﯽ داراي ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ وزن و ﺣﺠﻢ رﯾﺸﻪ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﺑﻮد. اﯾﻦ رﻗﻢ اﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﭘﺲ از ﺑﯿﺪاﻧﻪ ﺳﻔﯿﺪ داراي ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺣﺴﺎﺳﯿﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﺶ از ﻧﻈﺮ وزن ﺧﺸﮏ رﯾﺸﻪ )1/24( و ﺣﺠﻢ رﯾﺸﻪ )1/35( ﺑﻮد، اﻣﺎ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺗﻨﺶ ﻧﯿﺰ داراي وزن، ﺣﺠﻢ و ﺗﻌﺪاد رﯾﺸﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ ﺑﻮد. رﻗﻢﻫﺎي رﻃﺒﯽ و ﻟﻌﻞ داراي رﺷﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﮐﻤﯽ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ، اﻣﺎ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺗﻨﺶ ﻧﯿﺰ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ رﺷﺪ ﭼﻨﺪاﻧﯽ ﭘﯿﺪا ﻧﮑﺮدﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن ﻣﺘﺤﻤﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ اﻓﺰون ﺑﺮ ﻣﯿﺰان رﺷﺪ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺣﺴﺎﺳﯿﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﺶ آنﻫﺎ ﻧﯿﺰ ﻣﺪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد.
چكيده لاتين :
In this study, a pot experiment was conducted in the greenhouse conditions to investigate the drought tolerance of six Iranian grape cultivars. The experiment was factorial, based on a completely randomized design, with two factors including cultivars (‘Rotabi’, ‘Rashe’, ‘Chafte’, ‘Bidaneh Sefid’, ‘Khalili’, and ‘Laal’) and moisture treatments (40 % and 80 % of soil available water). Under drought stress, the lowest accumulation of soluble carbohydrates and proline (50.36 and 4.25 mg g-1 FW, respectively) and the highest stress susceptibility index (2.47, on average) and growth reduction were observed in ‘Bidaneh Sefid’ cultivar. ‘Chafte’ showed a considerable growth in optimal moisture condition; moreover, this cultivar had a relatively low stress susceptibility index (0.60, on average), designated as the most tolerant cultivar to drought stress. ‘Khalili’ had the highest root weight and root volume under optimal conditions. Although this cultivar had the highest stress susceptibility index in terms of root dry weight (1.24) and root volume (1.35) after ‘Bidaneh Sefid’, but under stress conditions it had a suitable root weight, root volume and number of roots. ‘Rotabi’ and ‘Laal’ had relatively less growth under optimal moisture conditions; however, they showed a subtle growth reduction under drought stress. These results indicate that in order to introduce drought tolerant plants, stress susceptibility index and vegetative growth rate under water shortage should be considered together.
