كليدواژه :
ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺳﺎﻗﻪ , ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﻏﺸﺎي ﯾﺎﺧﺘﻪاي , ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﮐﻠﺮوﻓﯿﻞ , ﮐﺎروﺗﻨﻮﺋﯿﺪ , ﮐﻠﺮوﻓﯿﻞ ﮐﻞ
چكيده فارسي :
سوسن يكي از گل‌‌هاي بريدني بسيار مهم است كه به عنوان گل گلداني نيز كاربرد دارد. براي بررسي اثرهاي جيبرليك اسيد و هيوميك اسيد بر رشد، گلدهي و عمر گلجايي گل بريدني سوسن رقم Original Love، آزمايشي به‌‌صورت فاكتوريل در قالب طرح پايه به‌طور كامل تصادفي با 2 عامل، 16 تيمار و 3 تكرار طراحي و اجرا شد. عامل اول، جيبرليك اسيد در 4 سطح 0، 300 ،150 و 450 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم در ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت ﻏﻮﻃﻪوري ﺳﻮخﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 24 ﺳﺎﻋﺖ و ﻋﺎﻣﻞ دوم، ﻫﯿﻮﻣﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ در ﺳﻄﺢﻫـﺎي 400 ،200 ،0 و 600 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم در ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت ﻣﺤﻠﻮلﭘﺎﺷﯽ در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ آﻏﺎز ﻏﻨﭽﻪدﻫﯽ ﻫﺮ دو ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﯾﮏﺑـﺎر اﻧﺠـﺎم ﺷـﺪ. ﺷـﻤﺎر ﻏﻨﭽﻪ و ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺳﺎﻗﻪ ﮔﻠﺪﻫﻨﺪه در ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ ﺟﯿﺒﺮﻟﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﺑﺎ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن ﺷﺎﻫﺪ داﺷﺖ. ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺷـﻤﺎر ﻏﻨﭽﻪ )5/04( و ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺳﺎﻗﻪ ﮔﻠﺪﻫﻨﺪه )79/08 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽﻣﺘﺮ( ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﺟﯿﺒﺮﻟﯿـﮏ اﺳـﯿﺪ 450 و 300 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔـﺮم در ﻟﯿﺘـﺮ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﺪ. ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﺟﯿﺒﺮﻟﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ و ﻫﯿﻮﻣﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﺟﺪاﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﺑﺮ وزن ﺗﺮ ﮔﻞ ﺑﺮﯾـﺪﻧﯽ، ﻣﺎدهﻫـﺎي ﺟﺎﻣـﺪ ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﮐﻞ ﮔﻠﺒﺮگ و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﻏﺸﺎي ﯾﺎﺧﺘﻪاي ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن ﺷﺎﻫﺪ داﺷﺘﻨﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺮﻫﻤﮑﻨﺶ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﺟﯿﺒﺮﻟﯿـﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ و ﻫﯿﻮﻣﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨـﯽدار ﺷـﺎﺧﺺ ﮐﻠﺮوﻓﯿـﻞ )67/70 ﻋـﺪد اﺳـﭙﺪ(، ﻋﻤـﺮ ﮔﻠﺠـﺎﯾﯽ )13/66روز(، ﻣﯿـﺰان ﮐﻠﺮوﻓﯿﻞ ﮐﻞ )0/370 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﮔﺮم وزن ﺗﺮ(، ﮐﻠﺮوﻓﯿﻞ a 0/266 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﮔﺮم وزن ﺗﺮ(، ﮐﻠﺮوﻓﯿﻞ b 0/103 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔـﺮم ﺑـﺮ ﮔﺮم وزن ﺗﺮ( و ﻣﯿﺰان ﮐﺎروﺗﻨﻮﺋﯿﺪ ﮔﻠﺒﺮگ )0/026 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﮔﺮم وزن ﺗﺮ( ﺷﺪ. ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان وزن ﺗﺮ ﻧﺴﺒﯽ روزﻫـﺎي ﺳـﻮم و ﭘﻨﺠﻢ در ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺟﯿﺒﺮﻟﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ 450 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم در ﻟﯿﺘﺮ و ﻫﯿﻮﻣﯿـﮏ اﺳـﯿﺪ 400 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔـﺮم در ﻟﯿﺘـﺮ ﺑـﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿـﺐ ﺑـﺎ ﻣﻘـﺪار 113/47، 103/75% ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﺪ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان وزن ﺗﺮ ﻧﺴﺒﯽ روز ﻫﻔـﺘﻢ در ﺗﯿﻤـﺎر ﺟﯿﺒﺮﻟﯿـﮏ اﺳـﯿﺪ 450 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔـﺮم در ﻟﯿﺘـﺮ و ﻫﯿﻮﻣﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ 600 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم در ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ 97/01% ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﯿﻦﻃﻮر ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺟﺬب آب ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺑـﺮﻫﻤﮑﻨﺶ ﺟﯿﺒﺮﻟﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ 300 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم در ﻟﯿﺘﺮ و ﻫﯿﻮﻣﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ 600 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم در ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺪار 1/81 ،1/99 و 1/48 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﺑـﺮ ﮔﺮم وزن ﺗﺮ در روزﻫﺎي ﺳﻮم، ﭘﻨﺠﻢ و ﻫﻔﺘﻢ ﺑﻪدﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. در ﮐﻞ، اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺟﯿﺒﺮﻟﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ 450 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔـﺮم در ﻟﯿﺘـﺮ و ﻫﯿﻮﻣﯿـﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ 400 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم در ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺗﻮاﻧﺴﺖ وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ را ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺑﺨﺸﺪ.
چكيده لاتين :
Lily is one of the most important cut flowers, which is also widely used as a potted flower. In order to study the effects of gibberellic acid and humic acid on growth, flowering and vase life of Lilium LA Hybrid ‘Original Love’, an experiment was conducted as factorial in a completely randomized design with 2 factors, 16 treatments and 3 replications. The first factor was gibberellic acid at 0, 150, 300 and 450 mg L-1 which was carried out by immersing bulbs gibberellic acid for 24 hours. The second factor was humic acid, at 0, 200, 400 and 600 mg L-1 as foliar application at the beginning of sprouting every two weeks. The results showed that the effect of gibberellic acid treatment on bud number and flowering stem height was significantly different from control. The highest bud number (5.04) and flowering stem height (79.08 cm) were obtained by treating gibberellic acid at 450 and 300 mg L-1, respectively. Gibberellic acid and humic acid treatments effects separately showed significant differences on fresh weight of cut flower, total soluble solids and percentage of cell membrane stability index. Also, the interaction effect of gibberellic acid and humic acid treatments caused a significant increase in chlorophyll index (67.70 spad value), vase life (13.66 day), total chlorophyll (0.370 mg g-1 FW), chlorophyll a (0.266 mg g-1 FW), chlorophyll b (0.103 mg g-1 FW) and petal carotenoids (0.026 mg g-1 FW). The highest relative fresh weight was related to the interaction of gibberellic acid at 450 mg L-1 and humic acid at 400 mg L-1, with 113.47 and 103.75% increase on third, and fifth days, respectively. Also, the highest relative fresh weight at seventh day was observed in the treatment of gibberellic acid 450 mg L-1 and humic acid 600 mg L-1 with an average of 97.01%. Also, the highest water uptake was related to the interaction of gibberellic acid at 300 mg L-1 and humic acid at 600 mg L-1, with 1.99, 1.81-, and 1.48-ml g-1 FW at third, fifth and seventh days, respectively. In general, gibberellic acid 450 mg L-1 and humic acid 400 mg L-1 were the best treatments to improve the growth, flowering and vase life features of lily.
