اﺛﺮ ﻏﻠﻈﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺟﯿﺒﺮﻟﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ و ﺑﻨﺰﯾﻞآدﻧﯿﻦ ﺑﺮ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎي رﺷﺪي، ﻗﻨﺪﻫﺎ و رﻧﮕﺪاﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻧﻮرﺳﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻓﯿﮑﻮس ﺑﻨﺠﺎﻣﯿﻦ

Effects of gibberellic acid and benzyladenine on growth characteristics, sugars and photosynthetic pigments of Ficus benjamina L.

ﯾﮑﯽ از وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎي ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن ﺑﺮگ زﯾﻨﺘﯽ، ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻣﻘﺪار ﮐﺎﻓﯽ ﺑﺮگ و ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﯽ ﺑﺮاي اﯾﺠﺎد ﻇﺎﻫﺮي ﻣﺘﺮاﮐﻢ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢﮐﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي رﺷﺪ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮑﯽ از اﺑﺰارﻫﺎي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺘﯽ ﺑﺮاي رﺷﺪ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻧﻤﻮد. اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي زﯾﺮ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ آﺑﯿﺎري ﻣﻪاﻓﺸﺎن و ﺑﺎ ﺑﻪﮐﺎرﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢﮐﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي رﺷﺪ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﺟﯿﺒﺮﻟﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ و ﺑﻨﺰﯾﻞ آدﻧﯿﻦ در ﮔﯿﺎه ﺑﺮگ زﯾﻨﺘﯽ ﻓﯿﮑﻮس ﺑﻨﺠﺎﻣﯿﻦ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﻠﻮلﭘﺎﺷﯽ ﺑﺮﮔﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻣﺤﻠﻮلﭘﺎﺷﯽ ﺑﺮﮔﯽ ﺟﯿﺒﺮﻟﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ و ﺑﻨﺰﯾﻞآدﻧﯿﻦ در ﺳﻄﻮح 100 ،0 و 200 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم در ﻟﯿﺘﺮ در ﺳﻪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻮاﺻﻞ زﻣﺎﻧﯽ 15 روز ﯾﮏﺑﺎر اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢﮐﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي رﺷﺪ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﺟﯿﺒﺮﻟﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ و ﺑﻨﺰﯾﻞآدﻧﯿﻦ در ﺳﻄﺢ 200 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم در ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺷﻤﺎر ﺑﺮگ، ارﺗﻔﺎع ﮔﯿﺎه و ﻣﻘﺪار رﻧﮕﺪاﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻧﻮرﺳﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﻮد. ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان ﮐﺮﺑﻮﻫﯿﺪرات ﻣﺤﻠﻮل در ﺳﻄﺢ 200 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم در ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﺟﯿﺒﺮﻟﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ، ﺑﻪدﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻗﻨﺪ اﺣﯿﺎﯾﯽ در ﮔﯿﺎه ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻮد ﺑﻪ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 100 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم در ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﺟﯿﺒﺮﻟﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ + 200 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم در ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﺑﻨﺰﯾﻞآدﻧﯿﻦ ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ 114/94 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم در ﮔﺮم در وزن ﺗﺮ ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻏﻠﻈﺖﻫﺎي ﻫﻤﺮاه 200 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم در ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢﮐﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي رﺷﺪ ﺟﯿﺒﺮﻟﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ و ﺑﻨﺰﯾﻞآدﻧﯿﻦ، ﻣﯿﺰان رﺷﺪ ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ، ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﮐﻠﺮوﻓﯿﻞ و ﮐﺎرﺗﻨﻮﺋﯿﺪ، ﻣﯿﺰان ﻗﻨﺪ اﺣﯿﺎﯾﯽ و ﮐﺮﺑﻮﻫﯿﺪرات ﻣﺤﻠﻮل را ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﯽ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ داد.

An important characteristic of foliage plants is the production of enough lateral or basal shoots. Among the most commonly used branching-inducers are gibberellic acid (GA3) and N6-benzyladenine (BA) which are synthetic cytokinins that have been shown to increase shoot number in some plant species. The aim of this research was studying the effects of synthetic branching agents on a foliage plant. The effects of GA3 and BA on Ficus benjamina plant was evaluated under greenhouse condition. Plants were treated with foliar application of GA3 and BA at 0, 100 and 200 mg L-1. The plants that were treated with GA3 and BA at 200 mg L-1 showed the highest number of leaves and plant height. Foliar application of 200 mg L-1 GA3 + 200 mg L-1 BA increased photosynthetic pigments. The highest rate of soluble carbohydrates and reducing sugars were belonged to 200 mg L-1 GA3 and 100 mg L-1 GA3 + 200 mg L-1 BA, respectively. Results indicated that application of 200 mg l-1 of GA3 + BA significantly promoted morphological growth, chlorophyll and carotenoid content, reduced sugars and soluble carbohydrates in F. benjamina.