بررسي عوامل مؤثر بر استفاده از آموزش هاي مبتني بر فناوري اطلاعات و ارتباطات در كشاورزي شمال خوزستان

Investigating the effective factors on the use of training based on information and communication technology in agriculture of North Khuzestan

ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر اراﺋﻪي آﻣﻮزشﻫﺎي ﺣﻀﻮري ﺑﻪ ﮐﺸﺎورزان، اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روشﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ زﻣـﺎن و ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪ، دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﻮم ﺟﺪﯾﺪ را ﻣﻤﮑﻦ ﺳﺎزد، ﺑﯿﺶازﭘﯿﺶ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ دارد. ﯾﮑﯽ از اﯾﻦ روشﻫﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻓﻨﺎوري اﻃﻠﺎﻋﺎت و ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎت اﺳﺖ ﮐـﻪ ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﻗﺎﺑﻞﺗﻮﺟﻬﯽ در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﻧﯿﺰ در ﺣﺎل ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. از اﯾﻦرو ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از اﯾﻦ ﻓﻨﺎوريﻫﺎ ﺿﺮوري اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪف از اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از اﯾﻦ ﻓﻨﺎوريﻫﺎ در ﺑﯿﻦ ﮐﺸﺎورزان روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎي ﺷﻤﺎل ﺧﻮزﺳﺘﺎن در ﺳﺎل 1399 ﺑﻮد. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ-اي ﺑﻪ ﺣﺠﻢ 150 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﺧﻮﺷﻪاي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪ و ﺑـﺮاي ﺗﺠﺰﯾـﻪوﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫـﺎ از ﻧـﺮماﻓـﺰار SPSS و رﮔﺮﺳـﯿﻮن ﻟﺠﺴﺘﯿﮏ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﺳﻦ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آﻣﻮزشﻫﺎي ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻓﻨﺎوريﻫﺎي اﻃﻠﺎﻋﺎت و ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎت داراي اﺛﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ-دار ﮐﺎﻫﺸﯽ اﺳﺖ و ﺑﻪ ازاي ﻫﺮ ﺳﺎل ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﻦ، اﯾﻦ آﻣﻮزشﻫﺎ 0/03 اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﭘﯿﺪا ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ. ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي ﺗﺮوﯾﺠﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﺑﺮ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آﻣﻮزشﻫﺎي ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ICT داﺷﺖ. ﺑﻪ ازاي اﻓﺮاﯾﺶ ﻫﺮ واﺣﺪ درآﻣﺪ ﮐﺸﺎورز ﻧﯿﺰ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از اﯾﻦ آﻣﻮزشﻫﺎ 0/14 اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﭘﯿﺪا ﮐﺮد. اﺛﺮ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي اﻧﺪازه زﻣﯿﻦ و ﻋﻀﻮﯾﺖ در ﺗﻌﺎوﻧﯽﻫﺎ، ﺑﺮ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آﻣﻮزشﻫﺎي ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻓﻨـﺎوري اﻃﻠﺎﻋـﺎت و ارﺗﺒﺎﻃـﺎت ﻣﻌﻨـﯽدار ﻧﺒـﻮد. ﻣﯿـﺰان ﺣﺴﺎﺳﯿﺖ ﭘﯿﺶﮔﻮﯾﯽ و ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺺﭘﺬﯾﺮي ﻣﺪل رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 0/75/8 و 0/81/8 ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪ و ﻣﺪل ﺑﺮآورد ﺷﺪه در 0/79/3 ﺣﺎﻟـﺎت، ﺑـﻪ-درﺳﺘﯽ دﺳﺘﻪﺑﻨﺪيﻫﺎ را ﭘﯿﺶﮔﻮﯾﯽ ﻧﻤﻮد. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﺛﺮﮔﺬاري ﺑﯿﺶﺗﺮ درآﻣﺪ ﮐﺸﺎورزان ﺑﺮ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آﻣﻮزشﻫﺎي ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ICT، ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾـﺰي ﮐﻠﺎن ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر ارﺗﻘﺎء ﺑﻬﺮهوري و ﺑﻬﺒﻮد درآﻣﺪ ﮐﺸﺎورزان، ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﺆﺛﺮي در ﺗﺮوﯾﺞ داﻧﺶ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

Due to various limitations in order to provide face-to-face training to farmers, it is more important to use methods that can make access to new sciences possible with minimal time and cost. One of these methods is the use of information and communication technology, which is significantly expanding in the agricultural sector. Therefore, it is necessary to know the factors affecting the use of these technologies. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the use of these technologies among farmers in northern Khuzestan in 1399. A sample of 150 people was selected using cluster sampling method and SPSS software and logistic regression were used to analyze the data. The results showed that the age variable has a significant decreasing effect on the use of training based on information and communication technologies and for each year of decreasing age, these trainings increase by 0/03 units. For one hour of increase in extension training, 0/04 units and for each increase of farmer income, use of training increased by 0/14 units. The effect of land size and membership in cooperatives on the use of ICT-based training was insignificant. The predictive sensitivity of the regression model was 0.75.8 and its detectability was 0.81.8 respectively. In general in 0.79.3 cases, the estimated model correctly predicted the categories. Due to the greater impact of farmer income on the use of ICT-based training, it is suggested that the cost of the Internet for web-based agricultural training platforms be reduced as much as possible.