اثرات سبك زندگي بر هويت كالبدي مسكن در نواحي روستايي مطالعه ي موردي: دهستان گوزلدره، شهرستان سلطانيه

The effects of lifestyle on the physical identity of housing in rural areas Case Study: Guzal darreh rural district, Soltaniyeh township

ﻣﺴـﮑﻦ در ﻧﻮاﺣﯽ روﺳـﺘﺎﯾﯽ در ﺑﺮآوردن ﻧﯿﺎزﻫﺎي اﺳـﺎﺳﯽ اﻧﺴﺎن ﻧﻘﺶ وﯾﮋهاي دارد. ﺑﺎ درﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﮐﺎرﮐﺮدﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻨﻮع ﻣﺴﮑﻦ روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ، ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪي ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ در ﻧﺤﻮهي ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ و ﺗﺤﻮل آن اﻫﻤﯿﺖ دارد. ﻫﺪف ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿـﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳـﯽ اﺛﺮات ﺳﺒﮏ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻫﻮﯾﺖ ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪي ﻣﺴﮑﻦ در ﻧﻮاﺣﯽ روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ، ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ در ﻧﯿﻤﻪ اول ﺳﺎل 1399 ﺑﺎ روش ﮔﺮدآوري اﻃﻠﺎﻋﺎت، ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪاي و ﻣﯿﺪاﻧﯽ و اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از اﺑﺰار ﭘﺮﺳـﺸـﻨﺎﻣﻪ، ﻣﺸـﺎﻫﺪه( اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷـﺪه اﺳـﺖ؛ ﻧﻮع ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي و روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﺗﻮﺻـﯿﻔﯽ-ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ اﺳﺖ، ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﺧﺎﻧﻮارﻫﺎي روﺳـﺘﺎﻫﺎي دﻫﺴـﺘﺎن ﮔﻮزﻟﺪره ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷـﺪ. ﮐﻪ در ﺳـﺮﺷـﻤﺎري ﺳﺎل 1395 داراي ﻫﺸﺖ روﺳﺘﺎي داراي ﺳﮑﻨﻪ: ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 1451 ﺧﺎﻧﻮار و 4864 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷـﺪ. از ﺑﯿﻦ ﺧﺎﻧﻮارﻫﺎ، 305 ﺧﺎﻧﻮار ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻓﺮﻣﻮل ﮐﻮﮐﺮان ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪ و از ﻫﺮ روﺳﺘﺎ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس درﺻﺪ ﺧﺎﻧﻮار، ﺗﻌﺪادي ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻞ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ و ﺑﻪ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺳﺎده ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻞ ﺷﺪ. روش ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪوﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻃﻠﺎﻋﺎت ﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﮐﻤّﯽ و ﺑﺎ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده از آﻣﺎر ﺗﻮﺻـﯿﻔﯽ )ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ، درﺻـﺪ ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ و اﻧﺤﺮاف ﻣﻌﯿﺎر( و آﻣﺎر اﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎﻃﯽ )ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺴﯿﺮ( ﺑﻮد. ﺑﺮاﯾﻦ اﺳﺎس؛ در ﺑﻌﺪ ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪي ﻣﺴﮑﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ )ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻮدن ﻣﺴﮑﻦ ﺟﻬﺖ اﺳﺘﺮاﺣﺖ( ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ 3/27% و در ﺑﻌﺪ دﻟﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﮑﺎن ﺷﺎﺧﺺ )ﺗﻠﺎش روﺳﺘﺎﺋﯿﺎن ﺟﻬﺖ ﺣﻞ ﻧﺰاعﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ( ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ 3/77% داراي ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان اﻫﻤﯿﺖ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ آزﻣﻮن اﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎﻃﯽ اﺑﻌﺎد ﺳﺒﮏ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ و ﻫﻮﯾﺖ ﻣﺴـﮑﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ واﺑﺴﺘﻪاﻧﺪ، و از ﺑﯿﻦ اﺑﻌﺎد ﺳﺒﮏ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ، ﺑﻌﺪ ﺳﻠﺎﻣﺖ ﻣﻌﻨﻮي، ﺑﺎ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺑﺘﺎ )0/494( ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬارﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ اﺳﺖ. ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد اﺳﺎﺳﯽ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ اراﺋﻪ ﺗﺴﻬﯿﻠﺎت اﻋﺘﺒﺎرات ﻣﻘﺎومﺳﺎزي ﻣﺴﮑﻦ ﺑﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻧﯿﺎزﻫﺎي ﻣﻌﯿﺸﺘﯽ روﺳﺘﺎﺋﯿﺎن ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

Housing in rural areas has a special role in meeting basic human needs. Considering various functions of rural housing, it is important to study the impact of various factors on how it changes and evolves. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of lifestyle on the physical identity of housing in rural areas. The present study was conducted in the first half of 1399 by data collection, library and field methods and using tools (questionnaire, observation); the type of research is applied and the research method is descriptive-analytical. The statistical population of the research is the households of the villages of Gozeldareh rural district, which in the 1395 census has eight inhabited villages: including 1451 households and 4864 people. Among households, 305 households were selected using the Cochran's formula as a sample and from each village, based on the percentage of households, a number of samples was completed to complete a questionnaire and simple random sampling. The method of data analysis was quantitative using descriptive statistics (mean, frequency percentage and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (path analysis). In the physical dimension, the index of “adequacy of housing for rest” with an average of 3.27%, and in the dimension of attachment, the index of “villagers' efforts to resolve social disputes” with an average of 3.77% are of the greatest importance. According to the results of the inferential test, the dimensions of lifestyle as an independent variable and housing identity as a dependent variable, and among the dimensions of lifestyle, the dimension of spiritual health with the highest beta (0.494) is the most influential factor. The main recommendation of the present study is providing housing rehabilitation credit facilities taking into account the living needs of the villagers.