ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ اﺛﺮ اﺳﺘﺎت ﺳﺮب ﺑﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي اﺳﭙﺮم ﻣﻮاﻟﯿﺪ ﻣﻮش ﺻﺤﺮاﯾﯽ در دورهﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺮازاﯾﺸﯽ و ﺷﯿﺮواري

Evaluation of the effect of Lead acetate on rat sperm parameters during the prenatal period

ﻫﺪف اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮات اﺳﺘﺎت ﺳﺮب روي ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي اﺳﭙﺮم ﻣﻮاﻟﯿﺪ در ﻣﻮش ﻫﺎي ﺻﺤﺮاﯾﯽ ﻧﺮ ﻧﮋاد وﯾﺴﺘﺎر ﺑﻪ دﻧﺒﺎل ﻣﺼﺮف ﺳﺮب از ﺳﻮي ﻣﺎدر در دورهﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺮازاﯾﺸﯽ و ﺷﯿﺮواري ﺑﻮد. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﺗﻌﺪاد 35ﺳﺮ ﻣﻮش ﺻﺤﺮاﯾﯽ وﯾﺴﺘﺎر ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در 7ﮔﺮوه 5ﺗﺎﯾﯽ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. در ﻃﻮل دوره آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ، ﻣﻮش ﻫﺎي ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي ﮐﻨﺘﺮل و ﺷﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﻪ آب آﺷﺎﻣﯿﺪﻧﯽ و ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ آب و اﺳﯿﺪ اﺳﺘﯿﮏ ﮔﻼﺳﯿﺎل دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ داﺷﺘﻨﺪ. ﮔﺮوه ﻫﺎي ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ )زﯾﺮ ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي ﮔﺮوه ﺷﻢ( ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي ﻗﺒﻞ ﺑﺎرداري، ﺑﺎرداري، ﺷﯿﺮدﻫﯽ، ﺑﺎرداري -ﺷﯿﺮدﻫﯽ و ﻗﺒﻞ ﺑﺎرداري- ﺑﺎرداري ﺷﯿﺮدﻫﯽ در ﻃﻮل دورهﻫﺎي ذﮐﺮ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ 2ﮔﺮم/ﻟﯿﺘﺮ اﺳﺘﺎت ﺳﺮب -500 /ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﻟﯿﺘﺮ اﺳﯿﺪ اﺳﺘﯿﮏ در آب دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ داﺷﺘﻨﺪ. در روز 63ﺑﻌﺪ از ﺗﻮﻟﺪ ، ﻫﻤﻪ ﻣﻮاﻟﯿﺪ در آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎه ﺟﻨﯿﻦﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ آﺳﺎنﮐﺸﯽ ﺷﺪه و ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي اﺳﭙﺮم درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﭘﺲ از آﻣﺎده ﺳﺎزي ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ، ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﺗﻌﺪاد، زﻧﺪهﻣﺎﻧﯽ، ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﮐﺮوﻣﺎﺗﯿﻦ، ﺑﻠﻮغ، اﺷﮑﺎل ﻏﯿﺮﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ و ﺗﺤﺮك )ﭘﯿﺶروﻧﺪه، ﻏﯿﺮ ﭘﯿﺶ-روﻧﺪه و ﺑﺪون ﺗﺤﺮك( ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺷﺪ. از ﻧﻈﺮ آﻣﺎري، اﺳﺘﺎت ﺳﺮب داراي اﺛﺮات ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﯽ روي ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺑﻮد، ﺑﻪﻃﻮري ﮐﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد، ﺗﺤﺮك )ﭘﯿﺶروﻧﺪه و ﺳﺎﮐﻦ(، زﻧﺪهﻣﺎﻧﯽ، ﺑﻠﻮغ اﺳﭙﺮم و ﺑﺮوز اﺷﮑﺎل ﻏﯿﺮﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ اﺳﭙﺮم در ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﮐﺎﻫﺸﯽ ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار را ﻧﺸﺎن دادﻧﺪ )P˂0 /05 (؛ اﯾﻦ در ﺣﺎﻟﯽ ا ﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ دو ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﮐﺮوﻣﺎﺗﯿﻦ و ﺣﺮﮐﺖ ﻏﯿﺮ ﭘﯿﺶروﻧﺪه اﺳﭙﺮم ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري را ﻧﺸﺎن ﻧﺪادﻧﺪ )P˃0/05 (. از ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان اﯾﻦﻃﻮر ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻮاﺟﻬﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﺎت ﺳﺮب، در دوره ﭘﯿﺮازاﯾﺸﯽ داراي اﺛﺮات ﻣﻨﻔﯽ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ- داري روي ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي اﺳﭙﺮم اﺳﺖ

The aim of this study was to evaluate the sperm parameters in male Wistar rats exposed to lead acetate during prenatal period. In this experimental study, 35 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 7 groups. Rats in the control and sham groups had access to drinking water and a combination of water and glacial acetic acid, respectively. Experimental groups including pre-pregnancy, pregnancy, lactation, pregnancy-lactation and pre-pregnancy-pregnancy-lactation groups had access to 0.2% lead acetate and 0.05% acetic acid in water during the mentioned periods. On day 63 after birth, male offspring were euthanized and sperm samples were taken from the tail of the epididymis and the parameters such as number, survival, chromatin quality, maturity, abnormal shapes and motility were evaluated. Statistically, lead acetate had significant effects on the studied parameters, so that the number, motility (progressive and static), survival, sperm maturity, and the occurrence of abnormal sperm forms in the experimental groups showed a significant decrease (P<0.05). However, chromatin quality and non-progressive sperm motility did not show significant changes (P≥0.05). According to the results of the present study, it can be concluded that exposure to lead acetate in the prenatal period has significant negative effects on sperm parameters. Also, the most negative effects of lead on sperm parameters were recorded in the pre-pregnancy-pregnancy-lactation group.