تأثير افزودن مقادير مختلف مكمل سيترا ت پتاسيم به آ ب و خوراك، بر نسبت جنسيت موش هاي صحرايي

Effect of adding different amounts of potassium citrate supplement to water and feed on sex ratio of laboratory rats

ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺖ در ﺑﺮﺧﯽ از ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﻮش ﺻﺤﺮاﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﯾﮏ ﺟﻨﺲ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﺧﺎﺻﯽ دارد. ﻫﺪف اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﻓﺰودن ﺳﻄﻮح ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﮑﻤﻞ ﺳﯿﺘﺮات ﭘﺘﺎﺳﯿﻢ ﺑﻪ آب و ﺧﻮراك، ﺑﺮ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺖ ﻣﻮشﻫﺎي ﺻﺤﺮاﯾﯽ ﺑﻮد. ﺗﻌﺪاد 50ﺳﺮ ﻣﻮش ﺻﺤﺮاﯾﯽ ﻣﺎده و 25ﺳﺮ ﻧﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻎ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﻪ 5ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﺑﺎ ﺟﯿﺮه ﯾﺎ آب ﻣﮑﻤﻞ ﺳﺎزي ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ ﺳﻄﻮح ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺳﯿﺘﺮات ﭘﺘﺎﺳﯿﻢ از 20روز ﭘﯿﺶ ﺗﺎ 10روز ﭘﺲ از ﺟﻔﺖﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﺤﺖ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﻃﯽ دوره ي آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ و ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 10ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﭘﺲ از زاﯾﺶ، ﻣﺼﺮف آب و ﺧﻮراك ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻫﻔﺘﮕﯽ ﺛﺒﺖ ﺷﺪ و ﭘﺲ از زاﯾﻤﺎن، ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻧﻮزادان و ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺖ آنﻫﺎ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﺳﯿﺘﺮات ﭘﺘﺎﺳﯿﻢ در ﺗﻤﺎم ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻧﺮزاﯾﯽ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ؛ اﻣﺎ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ در ﮔﺮوه ﺟﯿﺮه ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ ﺣﺎوي ﭘﺘﺎﺳﯿﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺳﻪ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﻧﯿﺎز، ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﺷﺎﻫﺪ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ و ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺖ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ )P<0/05(. ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ وزن ﺑﺪن ﺗﻤﺎم ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي ﺗﯿﻤﺎري ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ، ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ، اﻓﺰودن ﺳﯿﺘﺮات ﭘﺘﺎﺳﯿﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺟﯿﺮهﻫﺎي ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ و آب ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻋﻤﻞﮐﺮد ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪﻣﺜﻞ ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي ﺗﯿﻤﺎري ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﺷﺎﻫﺪ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان 1/9ﺗﺎ 13/5درﺻﺪ ﺷﺪ؛ اﮔﺮﭼﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از اﯾﻦ ﻣﺎده ﻣﻌﺪﻧﯽ ﻧﺮخ ﻧﺮزاﯾﯽ را اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ داد، اﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻋﻤﻞﮐﺮد ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪﻣﺜﻞ ﮐﻠﻨﯽ و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ وزن ﺑﺪن، ﺗﺠﻮﯾﺰ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ آن ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﻧﻤﯽ ﮔﺮدد، وﻟﯽ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان در ﻣﻮاﻗﻊ ﻟﺰوم ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت ﮐﻮﺗﺎه ﻣﺪت از آن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮐﺮد.

Change in sex ratio of some species such as rat due to the greater use of one sex is noted. The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of adding different levels of potassium citrate to water and feed on sex ratio of laboratory rats. Fifty female wistar rats and 25 males were randomly divided into 5 experimental groups and fed diets or water supplemented with different levels of potassium citrate from 20 days before to 10 days after mating. During the experiment period and 10 weeks after mating, weekly water and feed intake were measured and number of neonates and their gender were recorded. Potassium citrate increased percentage of male neonates in all the treated groups; but only the rates that dietary consumed three-fold higher than the potassium requirements showed significant difference compared to the control group and the sex ratio changed (P <0.05). The mean body weight in all treated rats was lower than the control group. Addition of potassium citrate to the diets and water caused 1.9 to 13.5% decrease in reproductive performance in the supplemented groups compared to the control group. Although potassium supplementation increased percentage of male rat neonates, because of the reduced reproductive performance of the colony and the reduction in body weight, the continuous administration of potassium in diet is not recommended; but, when it is required, potassium can be implemented during short period of time.