ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺷﯿﻮع ﺗﺮﯾﭙﺎﻧﻮزوﻣﺎ اواﻧﺴﯽ در ﺟﻨﯿﻦﻫﺎي ﺳﻘﻂ ﺷﺪه ﺷﺘﺮ ﯾﮏ ﮐﻮﻫﺎﻧﻪ در ﺷﺮق و ﻣﺮﮐﺰ اﯾﺮان

Prevalence of trypanosoma evansi in aborted fetuses of unicorn camel in east and center of the Iran

ﺗﺮﯾﭙﺎﻧﻮزوﻣﺎ اواﻧﺴﯽ )Trypanosoma evansi( ﯾﮏ اﻧﮕﻞ ﺗﮏ ﯾﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺧﻮﻧﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺗﺮﯾﭙﺎﻧﻮزوﻣﯿﺎز ﯾﺎ ﺳﻮرا در اﻧﻮاع ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺣﯿﻮاﻧﺎت اﻫﻠﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺷﺘﺮ و اﺳﺐ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﯾﮑﯽ از اﺛﺮات اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﺗﺮﯾﭙﺎﻧﻮزوﻣﯿﺎز ﺳﻘﻂ ﺟﻨﯿﻦ در ﺷﺘﺮ اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺣﻀﻮر ژﻧﻮم ﺗﺮﯾﭙﺎﻧﻮزوﻣﺎ اواﻧﺴﯽ در ﺟﻨﯿﻦﻫﺎي ﺳﻘﻂ ﺷﺪه ﺷﺘﺮ ﯾﮏﮐﻮﻫﺎﻧﻪ )Camelus dromedaries( ﺑﺎ روش PCR اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ225 ﻋﺪد ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﺷﯿﺮدان از ﺟﻨﯿﻦ ﻫﺎي ﺳﻘﻂ ﺷﺪه از ﮔﻠﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺷﺘﺮ در ﺷﺮ ق و ﻣﺮﮐﺰ اﯾﺮان ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﺷﺪ . ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ 38 )16/90درﺻﺪ( ﻣﻮرد از 225ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺟﻨﯿﻦ ﺳﻘﻂ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ ژﻧﻮم ﺗﺮﯾﭙﺎﻧﻮزوﻣﺎ اواﻧﺴﯽ آﻟﻮده ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ﺣﻀﻮر ﺑﺎﻻﯾﯽ از ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖ ﺗﺮﯾﭙﺎﻧﻮزوﻣﯿﺎز اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻼﯾﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﯿﻨﯽ ﺷﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﺎده ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺮﯾﭙﺎﻧﻮزوﻣﯿﺎز ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣ ﻬﻢ ﺳﻘﻂ ﺟﻨﯿﻦ درﺷﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺮﮐﺰي و ﺷﺮق اﯾﺮان اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎي ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻟﯽ از ﻗﺒﯿﻞ ﺣﺬف ﻧﺎﻗﻞ ﻫﺎي ﺑﻨﺪﭘﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺿﺮرﻫﺎي اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي اﯾﻦ اﻧﮕﻞ ﺗﮏ ﯾﺎﺧﺘﻪاي در اﯾﺮان ﺿﺮوري اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺮاي اوﻟﯿﻦ ﺑﺎر ﯾﮏ اﻧﮕﻞ در ﻣﺤﺘﻮﯾﺎت ﺷﯿﺮدان ﺟﻨﯿﻦ ﻫﺎي ﺳﻘﻂ ﺷﺪه ﺷﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﺎده ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻋﻠﻞ اﺻﻠﯽ ﺳﻘﻂ ﺟﻨﯿﻦ در اﯾﺮان ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺺ داده ﺷﺪ.

Trypanosoma evansi is a blood parasite protozoan that causes trypanosomiasis or surra in variety of economic valued animals such as camels and horses. One of the economic impacts of trypanosomiasis is abortion in camel. Present study was conducted to investigate the presence of T.evansi DNA in aborted fetuses of Iranian unicorn camel (Camelus dromedaries) using PCR method. In this study 225 abomasal contents of aborted fetuses were collected from camel herds in the east and center of Iran. The results of this study showed 38 (16.9 %) of 225 aborted fetuses were infected with genotype T.evansi. The findings of this study indicate a high presence of trypanosomiasis infection and according to the clinical signs of female camels, trypanosomiasis is one of the important factors to abortion in camels and take control programs, such as removal of artheropoda carriers to reduce the economic losses of this protozoan parasite in Iran are necessary. In this study, for the first time, a parasite was detected as the main cause of abortion in Iran in the contents of the aborted fetuses of female camels.