بهبود عملكرد بذرهاي توس (Betula pendula Roth) با استفاده از نانوپرايم و مغناطيس

Improving the performance of birch seeds (Betula pendula) using nanoprime and magnetic field

ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﻣﮑﺎن اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﺻﻔﺎت ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ زﻧﯽ )درﺻﺪ و ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺷﺪن( و روﯾﺸـ ﯽ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﭽـﻪ ﻫـﺎي ﺳـﻪ ﻣﺎﻫـ ﮥ Betula pendula Roth )ﻃﻮل ﺳﺎﻗﻪ و رﯾﺸﻪ، ﻗﻄﺮ ﯾﻘﻪ، وزن ﺗﺮ و ﺧﺸﮏ رﯾﺸﻪ و ﺳﺎﻗﻪ و ﻧﯿﺰ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑـﺮگ ( ﺑـﺎ اﻋﻤـﺎل ﻧﺎﻧﻮﭘﺮاﯾﻤﯿﻨـﮓ و ﺗﯿﻤـﺎر ﻣﻐﻨﺎﻃﯿﺲ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﺬرﻫﺎ از ﺳﯿﺎه ﻣﺮزﮐﻮه در 18 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮي ﮔﺮﮔﺎن ﺟﻤﻊ آوري و ﭘﺲ از ﺿﺪﻋﻔﻮﻧﯽ در ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ﮐﯿﺘـ ﯿﻦ، ﻧـﺎﻧﻮﮐﯿﺘﻮزان و ﻧﺎﻧﻮﺳﻠﻮﻟﺰ 1 درﺻﺪ ﭘﺮاﯾﻢ ﺧﯿﺴﺎﻧﺪه و ﺳﭙﺲ ﮐﺎﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﻣﻐﻨﺎﻃﯿﺲ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺬرﻫﺎ در ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ 30 ،20 و 40 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﺗﺴﻼ و زﻣﺎن 10 ،1 و 20 دﻗﯿﻘﻪ اﻋﻤﺎل ﺷﺪ و ﺑﺬرﻫﺎ ﺑﻼﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﮐﺎﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺗﻌﺪادي از ﺑﺬرﻫﺎ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﻌﺪ از ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﯿـ ﺪان ﻣﻐﻨـﺎﻃ ﯿﺲ )ﺑـﺎ دوز و زﻣـﺎن ﻗﺒﻠﯽ( ، ﺑﺎ ﻫﺮ ﺳﻪ ﻧﺎﻧﻮﻣﺎده ﭘﺮاﯾﻢ و ﺳﭙﺲ ﮐﺸﺖ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ از ﺑﯿﻦ ﻫﻤﮥ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي اﻋﻤﺎل ﺷﺪه، ﻣﻐﻨﺎﻃﯿﺲ ﯾﮏ دﻗﯿﻘﻪ اي ﺑﺬرﻫﺎ در ﺷﺪت 30 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﺗﺴﻼ و ﺳﭙﺲ ﭘﺮاﯾﻢ دوﺳﺎﻋﺘﮥ ﺑﺬرﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﻧﻮﺳﻠﻮﻟﺰ 1 درﺻﺪ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ را در ﭘﯽ دارد، ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮي ﮐﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ درﺻﺪ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺷﺪن )1/58 ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ( ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺷﺪن )1/9 ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ( ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺑﺮگ )1/2 ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ( ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺮگ )1/84 ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ( و ﻃﻮل رﯾﺸﻪ )1/4 ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ( ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷـﺎﻫﺪ ﻓﺎﻗﺪ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر( ﺷﺪ. ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﻣﻐﻨﺎﻃﯿﺲ 20 دﻗﯿﻘﻪ اي ﺑﺬرﻫﺎ در ﺷﺪت 30 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﺗﺴﻼ و ﺳﭙﺲ ﭘﺮاﯾﻢ دوﺳﺎﻋﺘﮥ ﺑﺬرﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎﻧﻮﺳﻠﻮﻟﺰ 1 درﺻﺪ ﻧﯿﺰ ﻧﺘـﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻬﯽ داده اﺳﺖ . دو ﺗﯿﻤﺎر 10 و 20 دﻗﯿﻘﻪ اي ﺑﺬرﻫﺎ در 30 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﺗﺴﻼ )ﺑﺪون ﻧﺎﻧﻮﭘﺮاﯾﻢ( ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﻌﺪ از اﯾﻦ دو ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.

The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of increasing the germination traits (germination and rate percentage) and vegetation characteristics of 3-month-old seedlings of Betula pendula (plumule and radicle length, collar diameter, fresh and dry weight of root, leaf area) by applying nano-priming and magnetic field. Seeds were collected from the Siah- Marzkouh area, 18 km from Gorgan-Golestan, Iran and after disinfection they were primed (soaked) in a 1% solution of nano-chitin, nano-chitosan and nano-cellulose, and then sown. Magnetic treatment was applied to the seeds at three levels of 20, 30 and 40 mT at 1, 10 and 20 minutes and were sown immediately. A number of seeds were primed with all 3 nanomaterials after being exposed to the magnetic field (with the previous dose and time) and then planted. The results showed that among all the applied treatments, 1 min magnetism in 30 mT and then 2 hour seed priming with 1% solution of nanocellulose, were the best, In a way that increased the germination percentage (1.58 times), germination rate (1.9 times), number of leaves (1.2 times), leaf area (1.84 times) and root length (1.4 times) compared to the control (no treatment). The 20-minute magnetic treatment of seeds at 30 mT intensity and then the two-hour seed priming with 1% nanocellulose gave similar results. Two seed treatments (10 and 20 minute) in 30 mT (without nanopriming) are also recommended after these two treatments.