ماندگاري بذر پرايم شده كلزا (Brassica napus L.) رقم اكاپي در شرايط متفاوت انبارداري با استفاده از سه نوع بسته بندي

Storability of rapeseed primed seeds under various storage conditions using three packaging materials

ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري ﺑﺬر ﺑﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ اﻧﺒﺎرداري ﺑﺬور ﭘﺮاﯾﻢ ﺷﺪه ﮐﻠﺰا)رﻗﻢ اﮐﺎﭘﯽ( آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﮐﺎﻣﻼًﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭘﺮاﯾﻢ ﺑﺬر ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺤﻠﻮل 0,5 درﺻﺪ ﻧﯿﺘﺮات ﭘﺘﺎﺳﯿﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 12 ﺳﺎﻋﺖ )دو ﺳﻄﺢ ﭘﺮاﯾﻢ ﻧﺸﺪه و ﭘﺮاﯾﻢ ﺷﺪه(، ﻧﻮع ﺑﺴﺘﻪﺑﻨﺪي ﺑﺬور )ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻧﺎﻧﻮ، ﭘﻼﺳﺘﯿﮏ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﺧﻸ و ﻓﻮﯾﻞ آﻟﻮﻣﯿﻨﯿﻮم(، ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري ﺑﺬور ﺷﺎﻣﻞ دو ﺳﻄﺢ دﻣﺎﯾﯽ )15 و30 درﺟﻪﺳﺎﻧﺘﯿﮕﺮاد(، و ﭼﻬﺎر ﺳﻄﺢ رﻃﻮﺑﺘﯽ )5، 9، 13 و 17 درﺻﺪ( و ﻣﺪت زﻣﺎن اﻧﺒﺎرداري در ﺷﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ )30، 60، 90، 120، 150 و 180 روز( ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﺪت زﻣﺎن اﻧﺒﺎرداري، ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻘﺪار رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻣﺤﺘﻮي ﺑﺬر و دﻣﺎي اﻧﺒﺎرداري ﺑﻨﯿﻪ ﺑﺬرﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮورﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﭘﯿﺪا ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ و در ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﯾﻦ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ در ﻫﻤﺎن ﻣﺎهﻫﺎي اﺑﺘﺪاﯾﯽ در ﺗﯿﻤﺎر رﻃﻮﺑﺖ 17 درﺻﺪ و دﻣﺎي 30 درﺟﻪﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽﮔﺮاد رخ داد ﮐﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ زﻣﺎن اﻧﺒﺎرداري و ﻧﻮع ﺑﺴﺘﻪﺑﻨﺪيﻫﺎ در ﺣﻔﻆ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﺑﺬرﻫﺎ ﺑﻮد. ﺑﺮاي ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي درﺻﺪ و ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ ﮐﻠﺰا، ﺑﯿﻦ اﺛﺮات اﺻﻠﯽ و اﺛﺮات ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ دو و ﺳﻪﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري درﺳﻄﺢ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﯾﮏ درﺻﺪ وﺟﻮد داﺷﺖ. ﺑﺬرﻫﺎي ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري ﺷﺪه در ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻧﺎﻧﻮ در دﻣﺎ و رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺬرﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﺑﺴﺘﻪﻫﺎ زوال ﮐﻤﺘﺮي ﻧﺸﺎن دادﻧﺪ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﺑﺴﺘﻪﺑﻨﺪي ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺣﻔﻆ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﺑﺬر در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ و دﻣﺎي ﺑﺎﻻ ﻣﯽﺷﻮﻧﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺑﺴﺘﻪﺑﻨﺪي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري آﻧﻬﺎ در اﯾﻦ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﻣﯽﺷﻮﻧ

An experiment was done in the research laboratory of Tehran University in order to evaluate the effect of various conditions of seed storage on storability of rapeseed primed seed. The experiment factors have included the seed priming using .05% lotion of KNO3 for 12 hours (primed and non primed with a this lotion)–package (vaccum packaging, nano and aluminium bags)–seed storage condition including: moisture content (5, 9, 13 and 17 %), temperatures (15 and 30) and storage periods (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 months). Analysis of variance demonstrated that with increasing the duration of storage and also with increasing seed content humidity amount and storage temperature, the seeds vigour would be decreased and in studing indexes, this decrease occurred in the first month of storage in 17% seed water content and 30 C temperature treatment and not in other onces, which shows that storage condition in more important in storage than other factors. For all indices, germination rate and percentage in rapeseed seed, there were significant differences in main, double and triple interaction effects at 1% probability level. The nano packagings is usually suggested as a suitable packaging to preserve the seeds in these condition.