بررسي تطبيقي تأثير سياست هاي رفاه اجتماعي بر محروميت اجتماعي زنان در ايران (مطالعه موردي سياست هاي دولت دهم و دولت يازدهم)

A Comparative Study of the Impact of Social Welfare Policies on Women's Social Deprivation in Iran (Case study of the policies of the tenth government and the eleventh government)

اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻘﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ ﻫﺎي رﻓﺎه اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺤﺮوﻣﯿﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ زﻧﺎن در اﯾﺮان در ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ ﻫﺎي دوﻟﺖ دﻫﻢ و دوﻟﺖ ﯾﺎزدﻫﻢ ﺑﺎ روش ﻣﺮوري )اﺳﻨﺎدي – ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ اي( ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ وﻗﺘﯽ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺜﯽ ﭼﻮن ﺣﻘﻮق ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪي، آﻣﻮزش و اﺷﺘﻐﺎل زﻧﺎن را اﺳﺎس ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ ﻫﺎي رﻓﺎﻫﯽ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﮕﯿﺮﯾﻢ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻬﻢ در دوﻟﺖ دﻫﻢ اﺣﻤﺪي ﻧﮋاد ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ دوﻟﺖ ﯾﺎزدﻫﻢ روﺣﺎﻧﯽ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ وﺧﯿﻤﺘﺮي ﻧﺸﺎن داده اﺳﺖ. در ﮐﻞ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ ﻫﺎي رﻓﺎﻫﯽ ﺣﻘﻮق ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪي، آﻣﻮزش و اﺷﺘﻐﺎل زﻧﺎن در دوﻟﺖ ﻫﺎي دﻫﻢ اﺣﻤﺪي ﻧﮋاد و ﯾﺎزدﻫﻢ روﺣﺎﻧﯽ ﻧﺘﻮاﻧﺴﺘﻪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺤﺮوﻣﯿﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ زﻧﺎن در اﯾﺮان در اﺑﻌﺎد ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺷﻮد. در اﯾﺮان وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻧﻈﺎم ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺘﮕﺬاري در ﺣﻮزه اﺷﺘﻐﺎل زﻧﺎن از ﯾﮏ ﺛﺒﺎت ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﻧﺒﻮده اﺳﺖ و ﻋﺪم ﻣﺴﺄﻟﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ دوﻟﺖ ﻫﺎ در ﺣﻮزه ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺘﮕﺬاري اﺷﺘﻐﺎل و ﺗﮏ ﺑﻌﺪي ﻧﮕﺮﯾﺴﺘﻦ دراﯾﻦ ﺣﻮزه ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻧﻘﺺ در ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎي اﺷﺘﻐﺎل زاﯾﯽ زﻧﺎن ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻬﻢ در دوﻟﺖ اﺣﻤﺪي ﻧﮋاد ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از دوﻟﺖ روﺣﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﺸﻬﻮد اﺳﺖ. ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻼت زﻧﺎن ﺑﺮ اﺷﺘﻐﺎل آﻧﺎن در دوﻟﺖ دﻫﻢ اﺣﻤﺪي ﻧﮋاد و ﯾﺎزدﻫﻢ روﺣﺎﻧﯽ ﭘﯿﺸﯽ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ و ﻫﻤﻮاره ﻃﯽ اﯾﻦ ﺳﺎﻟﻬﺎ ﺑﺮ ﻣﯿﺰان زﻧﺎن داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮﺧﺘﻪ ﺑﯿﮑﺎر اﻓﺰوده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ و اﯾﻦ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻫﺮ دو دوﻟﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ زﻧﺎﻧﻪ ﺷﺪن ﻓﻘﺮﭘﯿﺶ رﻓﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ ﭼﺮا ﮐﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد دو دوﻟﺖ ﺳﺒﺐ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻓﻘﺮ، ﻧﺎﺑﺮاﺑﺮي، ﻧﺎﺑﺮاﺑﺮي دﺳﺘﻤﺰدﻫﺎ، اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻣﺎدران ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮزﻧﺪان ﮐﻮﭼﮏ و زﻧﺎن ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺖ ﺧﺎﻧﻮار ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.

This study has compared the impact of social welfare policies on women's social deprivation in Iran in the policies of the tenth and eleventh governments with a review method (documentary-library). The findings show that when we consider issues such as citizenship rights, education and women's employment as the basis of welfare policies, this has shown a worse situation in Ahmadinejad's tenth government than in the eleventh Rouhani government. In general, the welfare policies of women's rights, education, and women's employment in Ahmadinejad's tenth and eleventh governments have failed to reduce women's social deprivation in Iran in various dimensions. In Iran, the status of the employment system in the field of women's employment has not been stable, and the lack of government expertise in the field of employment policy and a one-dimensional view in this area has led to a shortage of women's employment programs, which is more important in Ahmadinejad's government than the government. Rouhani is obvious. Women's education has outpaced their employment in Ahmadinejad's tenth government and Rouhani's 11th, and the number of unemployed graduates has always increased over the years, indicating that both governments have moved toward feminization of poverty because the performance of the two The government has increased poverty, inequality, wage inequality, increased the number of mothers with young children, and female-headed households.