نگاه جامعه شناختي به فلسفۀ صدرايي در فهم اصول اعتقادي

A sociological view of Sadra's philosophy in understanding the principles of belief

ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻼت راﺑﻄﮥ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ، دﯾﻦ و ﻓﻠﺴﻔﻪ از ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﻬﻢ اﻧﺪﯾﺸﻤﻨﺪان ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪف اﺻﻠﯽ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﮥ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻧﮕﺎه ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻠﺴﻔﮥ ﺻﺪراﯾﯽ در ﻓﻬﻢ اﺻﻮل اﻋﺘﻘﺎدي اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻼﺻﺪرا ﺑﺎ ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ و اﺻﻮل ﻫﺴﺘﯽ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﺧﻮد از ﺟﻤﻊ اﻓﺮاد، ﺻﻮرت ﻧﻮﻋﯽ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ را ﺑﺮ ﻣﺤﻮر اﻓﻖ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻌﻨﻮي و ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﯽ ﭘﺪﯾﺪ ﻣﯽآورد؛ ﭼﻮن اﻧﺴﺎن در اﻓﻖ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ دﯾﺎﻟﮑﺘﯿﮏ وﺟﻮدي ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﻫﺎ و ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ارﺗﺒﺎط دارد. ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ و ﮐﻨﺶ ﻫﺎي او ﮐﻠﯿﺖ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ را ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮي ﮐﻤﺎل ﯾﺎ اﻧﺤﻄﺎط رﻫﻨﻤﻮن ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ اﻣﻮر وﺟﻮدي ﺟﻬﺎن، ﺣﺎوي ﺣﺮﮐﺖ ﺟﻮﻫﺮي اﺳﺖ و ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮي ﮐﻤﺎل ﯾﺎ اﻧﺤﻄﺎط ﺳﻮق ﻣﯽﯾﺎﺑﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﺎر ﺑﺎ روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ، ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﺿﻤﻦ واﮐﺎوي اﯾﻦ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﮐﻪ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺻﺪرا ﻓﻠﺴﻔﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎي ﺣﮑﻤﺖ ﻧﻈﺮي در ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ ﻓﻬﻢ اﺻﻮل اﻋﺘﻘﺎدي اﻧﺴﺎن ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﺤﻮري داﺷﺘﻪ، ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ و اﺛﺒﺎت اﯾﻦ اﺻﻮل ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﯽ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ و ﻧﻘﺶ آن در ﻓﻬﻢ و ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺖ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮ، راه رﺳﯿﺪن ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺖ و ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ را در ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ اﻣﺮوز ﻫﻤﻮار ﮐﺮده و در اراﺋﮥ ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ اﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﮐﻤﮏ ﺷﺎﯾﺎﻧﯽ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﮐﺮد.

Interactions between society, religion and philosophy have been important issues for thinkers. The main purpose of this article is a sociological view of Sadra's philosophy in understanding the principles of belief. Mulla Sadra, with his ontological principles and principles, creates the form of a society based on spiritual and epistemological horizons; Because man is related to the structures and structural elements of society on the horizon of existential dialectical interaction. Human factors and his actions lead the whole of society to perfection or decline. Society, like all other existential affairs of the world, contains a substantial movement and leads to perfection or degeneration. In this article, with analytical method, rational while analyzing the issue that according to Sadra, philosophy based on theoretical wisdom has a pivotal role in the process of understanding human beliefs, by examining and proving these principles based on ontological principles and its role in understanding society. Contemporary will pave the way for the attainment of knowledge and cognition in today's society and will help in the presentation of Islamic social theories.