عنوان مقاله :
ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ دﻫﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﮐﺸﺶ ﺳﻄﺤﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت ﻋﻠﻒ ﮐﺸﯽ ﻣﺨﻠﻮط اﺳﯿﺪ اﺳﺘﯿﮏ و اﺳﯿﺪ ﺳﯿﺘﺮﯾﮏ
عنوان به زبان ديگر :
Effects of Surface Active Agents on Herbicidal Properties of Acetic Acid and Citric Acid Mixture
پديد آورندگان :
ﯾﻌﻘﻮﺑﯽ، ﺳﻌﯿﺪ رﺿﺎ دانشگاه فني و حرفه‌اي تهران - دانشكده علوم كشاورزي , ﻟﻄﻔﯽ، اﺑﻮاﻟﻔﻀﻞ دانشگاه فني و حرفه‌اي تهران - دانشكده علوم كشاورزي
كليدواژه :
علف هرز , مديريت , كشاورزي ارگانيك , مويان
چكيده فارسي :
ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﻮﯾﺎن ﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻫﺶ دﻫﻨﺪه ﮐﺸﺶ ﺳﻄﺤﯽ در ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت ﻋﻠﻒﮐﺸﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﺳﯿﺪ اﺳﺘﯿﮏ و اﺳﯿﺪ ﺳﯿﺘﺮﯾﮏ، آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪاي ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ دو ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﮐﺎﻣﻼً ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر اول داراي دوازده ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﺖﻫﺎي اﺳﯿﺪ اﺳﺘﯿﮏ ﺑﻪ اﺳﯿﺪ ﺳﯿﺘﺮﯾﮏ 100- ﺻﻔﺮ ، 80-20، 60-40 و 50-50 درﺻﺪ در ﻏﻠﻈﺖﻫﺎي 10 ،5 ،2 درﺻﺪ از ﻧﺴﺒﺖﻫﺎي ﺑﯿﺎن ﺷﺪه ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﻧﻬﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺤﻠﻮلﭘﺎﺷﯽ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر دوم ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻣﻮﯾﺎن ﻫﺎي SLS ،LAE ،CDEAو KECOﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﻣﺨﻠﻮط اﺳﯿﺪ اﺳﺘﯿﮏ و اﺳﯿﺪ ﺳﯿﺘﺮﯾﮏ و ﺑﻪﮐﺎرﻧﺒﺮدن ﻣﻮﯾﺎن ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد در ﻧﺴﺒﺖﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ اﺳﯿﺪ اﺳﺘﯿﮏ ﺑﻪ اﺳﯿﺪ ﺳﯿﺘﺮﯾﮏ وزن ﺧﺸﮏ، ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺮگ ﯾﻮﻻف و ﺧﺮدل وﺣﺸﯽ، ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار و درﺻﺪ ﻣﺮگوﻣﯿﺮ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﯾﺎﻓﺖ. ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻣﻮﯾﺎنﻫﺎ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﻣﺨﻠﻮطﻫﺎي اﺳﯿﺪ اﺳﺘﯿﮏ و اﺳﯿﺪ ﺳﯿﺘﺮﯾﮏ ﺧﺎﺻﯿﺖ ﻋﻠﻒﮐﺸﯽ را ﺑﻪوﯾﮋه در دوزﻫﺎي 5و 10درﺻﺪ ﺑﯿﺶ از دو ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ دادﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻧﺴﺒﺖﻫﺎي اﺳﯿﺪ اﺳﺘﯿﮏ ﺑﻪ اﺳﯿﺪ ﺳﯿﺘﺮﯾﮏ 0-100و 20-80درﺻﺪ در ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻫﺎي 5و 10درﺻﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﻣﻮﯾﺎن ﻫﺎي CDEAﯾﺎ LAEﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ را ﺑﺮاي از ﺑﯿﻦ ﺑﺮدن ﻋﻠﻒﻫﺎي ﻫﺮز ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻏﯿﺮاﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﯽ داﺷﺖ.
چكيده لاتين :
In order to evaluate the effects of surfactants on the herbicidal properties of different acetic acid to citric acid ratios, a two-factor factorial greenhouse experiment was conducted with a completely randomized design with three replications. The first factor had twelve levels including acetic acid to citric acid ratios of 100:0, 80:20, 60:40 and 50:50 at concentrations of 2, 5, 10% of the said ratios as foliar application. The second factor involved the use of surfactants CDEA, LAE, SLS, KECO and control (no-surfactant) together with acetic acid-citric acid mixture. The results showed that at higher acetic acid to citric acid ratios, dry weight and leaf area of wild oat and wild mustard significantly decreased while their mortality rates increased considerably. When used in combination with acetic acid-citric acid mixture, surfactant tend to enhance herbicidal properties more than two times, particularly at concentrations of 5 and 10%. According to the results, acetic acid to citric acid ratios of 100:0 and 80:20 at concentrations of 5 and 10% when used with CDEA or LAE provided the highest efficacy for non-selective weed control.
