پديد آورندگان :
ﺻﺎﻟﺤﯽ، ﻧﮕﺎر داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺗﻬﺮان - داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ - ﮔﺮوه زراﻋﺖ و اﺻﻼح ﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎت، ﮐﺮج , ﻋﻠﯿﺰاده، ﺣﺴﻦ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺗﻬﺮان - داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ - ﮔﺮوه زراﻋﺖ و اﺻﻼح ﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎت، ﮐﺮج , ﺻﺎﻟﺤﯽ، رﺿﺎ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺗﻬﺮان - داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ - ﮔﺮوه علوم باغباني، ﮐﺮج
كليدواژه :
ﭘﻨﺪيﻣﺘﺎﻟﯿﻦ , ﮐﻮﻟﺘﯿﻮاﺳﯿﻮن , ﻣﺎﻟﭻ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﯿﮏ ﺳﯿﺎه , ﻣﺎﻟﭻ ﮐﻠﺶ ﮔﻨﺪم
چكيده فارسي :
ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ روشﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻋﻠﻒﻫﺎي ﻫﺮز ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﮐﺎﻫﻮ و وزن ﺧﺸﮏ ﻋﻠﻒﻫﺎي ﻫﺮز، آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ در ﺳﺎل 1393 در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮكﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار در ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ و ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﯽ و ﭘﺮدﯾﺲ ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺗﻬﺮان اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺎﻟﭻ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﯿﮏ ﺳﯿﺎه، ﻣﺎﻟﭻ ﮐﻠﺶ ﮔﻨﺪم، ﻋﻠﻒﮐﺶ ﺗﺮيﻓﻠﻮراﻟﯿﻦ، ﺗﺮيﻓﻠﻮراﻟﯿﻦ وﺟﯿﻦ ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻠﯽ، ﻋﻠﻒﮐﺶ ﭘﻨﺪيﻣﺘﺎﻟﯿﻦ، ﭘﻨﺪيﻣﺘﺎﻟﯿﻦ + وﺟﯿﻦ ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻠﯽ، ﮐﻮﻟﺘﯿﻮاﺳﯿﻮن، ﻋﻠﻒﮐﺶ ﭘﺎراﮐﻮات )ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﺷﺪه( و دو ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ وﺟﯿﻦ دﺳﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺗﺪاﺧﻞ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻠﻒﻫﺎي ﻫﺮز ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ روش ﻣﺒﺎرزه ﺑﺎ ﻋﻠﻒﻫﺎي ﻫﺮز ﺑﺮ اﺟﺰاي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺗﮏ ﺑﻮﺗﻪ ﮐﺎﻫﻮ )وزن، ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺑﺮگ، وزن ﺳﺎﻗﻪ( و وزن ﺧﺸﮏ ﻋﻠﻒﻫﺎي ﻫﺮز ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار داﺷﺖ. ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﻣﺎﻟﭻ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﯿﮏ ﺳﯿﺎه، ﻋﻠﻒﮐﺶ ﺗﺮيﻓﻠﻮراﻟﯿﻦ + وﺟﯿﻦ، دو ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ وﺟﯿﻦ دﺳﺘﯽ و ﻋﻠﻒﮐﺶ ﭘﻨﺪيﻣﺘﺎﻟﯿﻦ + وﺟﯿﻦ ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺎ 88 ،86 ،100 و 89 درﺻﺪ، ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ و ﮐﻮﻟﺘﯿﻮاﺳﯿﻮن ﺑﺎ 40 درﺻﺪ ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ را ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ وزن ﺧﺸﮏ ﻋﻠﻒﻫﺎي ﻫﺮز ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ داﺷﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺗﮏ ﺑﻮﺗﻪ ﮐﺎﻫﻮ در ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﻣﺎﻟﭻ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﯿﮏ ﺳﯿﺎه )1063 ﮔﺮم(، ﻋﻠﻒﮐﺶ ﭘﻨﺪيﻣﺘﺎﻟﯿﻦ وﺟﯿﻦ )984 ﮔﺮم( و دو ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ وﺟﯿﻦ )999 ﮔﺮم( ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ از ﻟﺤﺎظ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد آنﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﯿﻪ ﭘﺬﯾﺮ ﺑﻮد.
چكيده لاتين :
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different methods of weed control on lettuce yield and its components, in the spring of 2014. The experiment was performed on a randomized complete block design with three replications at the educational and research field of College of Agriculture and Natural Resources of University of Tehran. Treatments were black polyethylene mulch, wheat straw mulch, trifluralin (2 L/ha), trifluralin (2 L/ha) + hand weeding, pendimethalin (2 L/ha), pendimethalin (2 L/ha) + hand weeding, paraquat (2 L/ha) (protected, just between rows), cultivation, two stages of hand weeding and a weed infested plot. Results showed that different treatments influenced lettuce head (weight, number of leaves, stem weight) and weed dry matter significantly. Black polyethylene mulch with 100%, pendimethalin + hand weeding with 89% , two stages of hand weeding with 88% and trifluralin + hand weeding with 86% influence were the best treatments in term of weed control, while cultivation with 40%, showed lowest impact on weed control compare to weed infested plot. The highest yield of lettuce head was observed in black polyethylene mulch (1063 g), pendimethalin + hand weeding (984 g) and two stages of hand weeding (999 g) which were economically practical.
