ارزيابي ميزان كاربرد مهارت‌هاي اشتغال‌پذير فارغ‌التحصيلان دختر رشته معماري آموزشكده فني و حرفه اي دختران يزد

Assessment of Various Employable Skills of Female Graduates in the Field of Architecture at Yazd Girls Technical and Vocational College

اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﯿﺰان ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻣﻬﺎرتﻫﺎي اﺷﺘﻐﺎلﭘﺬﯾﺮ ﻓﺎرغ اﻟﺘﺤﺼﯿﻼن دﺧﺘﺮ رﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻌﻤﺎري آﻣﻮزﺷﮑﺪه ﻓﻨﯽ وﺣﺮﻓﻪ اي دﺧﺘﺮان اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ - ﻣﻮردي، ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي اﺳﺖ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻮردﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، 50ﻧﻔﺮ از داﻧﺶآﻣﻮﺧﺘﮕﺎن آﻣﻮزﺷﮑﺪه دﺧﺘﺮان ﯾﺰد ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ در ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺳﺎلﻫﺎي 88ﺗﺎ 97در رﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻌﻤﺎري ﻓﺎرغ اﻟﺘﺤﺼﯿﻞ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه اﻧﺪ. ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ ﮔﺮ در اﺷﺘﻐﺎل ﻓﺎرغاﻟﺘﺤﺼﯿﻼن از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖﻫﺎي روشﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﻻزم ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ، ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از اﺑﺰار ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ و ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻃﯿﻒ 5ﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﻟﯿﮑﺮت ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﺷﺪ. ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺷﯿﻮه آﻟﻔﺎي ﮐﺮاﻧﺒﺎخ 0/882ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺷﻐﻠﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺟﺬب ﻓﺎرغاﻟﺘﺤﺼﯿﻼن رﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻌﻤﺎري را داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ، ﺗﺮﺳﯿﻢ )اﭘﺮاﺗﻮر و دﺳﺘﯿﺎر ﻃﺮاح(، ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ، ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ و ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، اﺟﺮا و ﻧﻈﺎرت ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﻬﺎرتﻫﺎي ﻣﻮردﻧﯿﺎز ﺑﺎزار ﮐﺎر ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺬب و اﺷﺘﻐﺎل ﻓﺎرغاﻟﺘﺤﺼﯿﻼن دﺧﺘﺮ رﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻌﻤﺎري ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﻋﺒﺎرﺗﻨﺪ از: ﻣﻬﺎرت ﻫﺎي ﻓﻨﯽ، ﻣﻬﺎرت ﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋ ﯽ ، ﻣﻬﺎرت ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎرﮔﯿ ﺮي ﻓﻨﺎور ي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ، ﻣﻬﺎرت ﮐﺎر ﮔﺮوﻫﯽ، ﺗﻔﮑﺮ و ﻧﮕﺮش ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻤﯽ، ﻣﻬﺎرت ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﮐﺎرﻫﺎ و ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎ، ﻣﻬﺎرت ﮐﺎر ﺑﺎ دادهﻫﺎ و اﻃﻼﻋﺎت. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ، ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ اﺷﺘﻐﺎل ﻓﺎرغ اﻟﺘﺤﺼﯿﻼن، ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ ﮔﺬاري و ﺟﻬﺖ ﮔﯿﺮي ﻧﻈﺎم آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ در راﺳﺘﺎي ﺗﻘﻮﯾﺖ و ارﺗﻘﺎي ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﻬﺎرت ﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ در ﺑﺎزار ﮐﺎر ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﮐﻨﺪ .

The aim of this study was to investigate the application of employable skills of female graduates in the field of architecture of girls' technical and vocational schools. The research method of this research was descriptive-case study with an applied purpose. The sample consisted of 50 graduates at Yazd Girls Technical and Vocational College who graduated in the field of architecture between 1988 and 1997. The frequency of interfering factors in the employment of graduates was one of the methodological limitations of this study. The necessary data for the present study was collected using a researcher-made questionnaire and using a 5-point Likert scale. The reliability of the present questionnaire was obtained by Cronbach's alpha of 0.882. According to research data, job fields that had the highest absorption of architectural graduates including plotting (operator and designer assistant), design, study and research implementation was monitored. The results of the present study indicated that the skills required by the labor market to attract and employ female architecture graduates were, in order of importance, technical skills, social skills, skills in using appropriate technology, teamwork skills, systematic thinking and attitude, work and project management skills, skills in working with data and information. According to the findings, in order to increase the employment rate of graduates, the policy and orientation of the education system should be changed in order to further strengthen and enhance the skills required in the labor market.