واكاوي تأثير ظهور داعش بر وضعيت اقتصاد انرژي در سوريه و اسرائيل

An Analysis of the Impact of the Rise of ISIS on the Energy Economy in Syria and Israel

داﻋﺶ )ISIS( ﮔﺮوه ﺗﺮورﯾﺴﺘﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ اﻋﺘﻘﺎدي در زﻣﺮه ﺳﻠﻔﯽ ﺟﻬﺎد ﺗﮑﻔﯿــ ﺮي ﻗــﺮار ﻣﯽﮔﯿﺮد و داراي ﻋﻘﺎﯾﺪ ﺧﺸﮏ و ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮ ﺳﻄﺤﯽ از ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ دﯾﻨﯽ اﺳﺖ. رﯾﺸﻪ ﺷﮑﻞﮔﯿﺮي داﻋﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ از ﺣﻤﻼت آﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺮاق در ﺳﺎل 2003ﺑﺎز ﻣﯽﮔﺮدد و ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ آن ﺑــﺎ ﺗﺸــﮑﯿﻞ ﺟﻤﺎﻋــﺎت اﻟﺘﻮﺣﯿﺪ و اﻟﺠﻬﺎد ﺑﻪ رﻫﺒﺮي اﺑﻮﻣﺼﻌﺐ زرﻗﺎو ي )2006 – 2004( آﻏﺎز و ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮور ﺑﺎ ﺑﯿﻌﺖ زرﻗﺎو ي ﺑﺎ ﺑﻦﻻدن، ﻧﺎم اﯾﻦ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺑﻪ اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪه ﻋﺮاق ﯾﺎ اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪه ﻓﯽ ﺑﻼد اﻟﺮاﻓﺪﯾﻦ ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﮔﺸﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﮔﺮوه در ﻏﺮب آﺳﯿﺎ و در ﺣﻮﺿﻪ ﻟﻮاﻧﺖ و ﻣﺮزﻫﺎي ﺷﺮﻗﯽ درﯾﺎي ﻣﺪﯾﺘﺮاﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﯾﺠﺎد ﭼﺎﻟﺸﻬﺎي اﺳﺎﺳــﯽ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف واﮐﺎوي ﻇﻬﻮر داﻋﺶ ﺑﺮ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ اﻗﺘﺼﺎد اﻧﺮژي ﺳﻮرﯾﻪ و اﺳﺮاﺋﯿﻞ، ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﭘﺮﺳﺶ اﺻﻠﯽ ﻣﻄﺮح ﺷﺪه اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻇﻬﻮر داﻋﺶ ﺑــﺮ وﺿــﻌﯿﺖ اﻗﺘﺼــﺎد اﻧﺮژي ﺳﻮرﯾﻪ و اﺳﺮاﺋﯿﻞ ﭼﻪ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮاﺗﯽ داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ؟ روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ و ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ-ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﺑﺎ اﺑﺰار ﮔﺮدآوري اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪاي و ﺳﺎﯾﺘﻬﺎي اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺘﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮدﯾــﺪه اﺳــﺖ. ﻧﺘــﺎﯾﺞ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎد ﺳﻮرﯾﻪ در دوران ﺣﻀﻮر داﻋﺶ در اﯾﻦ ﮐﺸﻮر آﺳــﯿﺐ ﺟﺪي دﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ و ﺑﻪ وﯾﮋه در ﺣﻮزه اﻧﺮژي ﺑﺎ ﺧﺴﺮاﻧﻬﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﻮاﺟﻪ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ وﻟﯽ اﺳﺮاﺋﯿﻞ ﺑــﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺠﻮاري ﺑﺎ ﺳﻮرﯾﻪ و ﻧﺰدﯾﮏ ﺑﻮدن داﻋﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮزﻫﺎﯾﺶ، از ﻧﻈﺮ اﻗﺘﺼــﺎدي ﻧــﻪ ﺗﻨﻬــﺎ ﺑــﺎ ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﻣﻮاﺟﻪ ﻧﺒﻮده اﺳﺖ ﺑﻠﮑﻪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎد اﻧﺮژي آن ﺑﺎ ﺗﺤﻮﻻت ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و روﻧﺪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺸﯽ در ﺻﺎدرات ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ

ISIS is a terrorist group that is believed to be a Salafi takfiri jihadist with dry beliefs and a superficial interpretation of religious principles. The origins of ISIS go back to the US invasion of Iraq in 2003 and its activities began with the formation of Al-Tawhid and Al-Jihad groups led by Abu Musab Zarqawi (2006-2004) and gradually with Zarqawi's allegiance to bin Laden, the name of this organization became Al-Qaeda in Iraq or Al-Qaeda in Balad Al-Rafidin. The group posed major challenges in West Asia, in the Levant Basin and on the eastern borders of the Mediterranean. This article aims to investigate the emergence of ISIS in the energy economy of Syria and Israel. The main question is what effects did the rise of ISIS have on the energy economy of Syria and Israel? The qualitative research method and the nature of the descriptive-analytical method have been done with the data collection tools of libraries and Internet sites.The results of the research show that the Syrian economy has been seriously damaged during the presence of ISIS in this country and has suffered losses, especially in the field of energy However, given Israel's proximity to Syria and the proximity of ISIS to its borders, Israel has not only not faced economic challenges, but its energy economy has been accompanied by positive developments and an increasing trend in exports.