پديد آورندگان :
اﺣﻤﺪي، ﺑﻬﻤﻦ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ واﺣﺪ ﺗﻬﺮان ﻣﺮﮐﺰي - ﮔﺮاﯾﺶ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ، ﺗﻬﺮان، اﯾﺮان , ﺣﺴﯿﻨﯽ ﮔﻠﯽ، اﺳﻤﻌﯿﻞ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ واﺣﺪ ﺗﻬﺮان ﻣﺮﮐﺰي - ﮔﺮاﯾﺶ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ ﮔﺬاري ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ، ﺗﻬﺮان، اﯾﺮان , ﷲ ﮐﺮم، ﻋﺒﺪل ﺣﺴﯿﻦ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ واﺣﺪ ﺗﻬﺮان ﻣﺮﮐﺰي - ﮔﺮاﯾﺶ اﻧﺪﯾﺸﻪ ﺳﯿﺎسي، ﺗﻬﺮان، اﯾﺮان , ﻋﯿﻮﺿﯽ، ﻣﺤﻤﺪرﺣﯿﻢ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺷﺎﻫﺪ - داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﻋﻠﻮم اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ - گروه ﻋﻠﻮم ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ و ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ اﻧﻘﻼب اﺳﻼﻣﯽ، ﺗﻬﺮان، اﯾﺮان
كليدواژه :
روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮔﻔﺘﻤﺎن , اﻧﻘﻼب ﻣﺸﺮوﻃﯿﺖ , ﻣﯿﺮزا ﻣﻠﮑﻢ ﺧﺎن , ﻧﻈﻢ ﺧﻮاﻫﯽ , آزادي و ﻗﺎﻧﻮن
چكيده فارسي :
اﻧﻘﻼب ﻣﺸﺮوﻃﯿﺖ در اﯾﺮان، ﺑﻌﻨﻮان ﯾﮏ ﻧﻘﻄــﻪ ﻋﻄــﻒ در ﺗــﺎرﯾﺦ ﺳﯿﺎﺳــﯽ ﮐﺸــﻮر ﻋــﻼوه ﺑــﺮ ﺗﺤــﻮﻻت ﮔﺴﺘﺮده ﺳﯿﺎﺳ ﯽ - ا ﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯿﻢ ﻧﻮ ﯾﻨﯽ ﻫﻤﭽﻮن ﻋــﺪاﻟﺖ، ﻗــﺎﻧﻮن و آزادي و .. . را وارد ادﺑﯿــﺎن ﺳﯿﺎﺳــﯽ اﯾﺮان ﻧﻤﻮد. دراﯾﻦ ﺑﯿﻦ »آزادي«، ﮐﻪ ﻣﻔﻬﻮم و اﺑﻌﺎد آن ﻫﻤﻮاره در ﻋﻠــﻮم اﻧﺴــﺎﻧﯽ از ﭼــﺎﻟﺶ ﺑﺮاﻧﮕﯿــﺰ ﺗــﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻋﻠﻤﯽ ﺑﻮد ه، در دوران ﻣﺸﺮوﻃﯿﺖ ﻧﯿﺰ رﻫﯿﺎﻓﺖ ﻫﺎي ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮﻧﯽ در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ، ﻣﻌﻨــﺎ ، ﺑﺮداﺷــﺖ و اﺑﻌــﺎد آن ﭘﺪﯾﺪ آﻣﺪ و ا ﻧﺪﯾﺸﻤﻨﺪان و رﻫﺒﺮان ﻣﺬﻫﺒﯽ و ﮐﻨﺸﮕﺮان ﺳﯿﺎﺳــﯽ ﮐﺸــﻮر ، ﻧﮕــﺎ ه ﻣﺘﻔــﺎوﺗﯽ ﺑــﻪ اﯾــﻦ ﻣﻔﻬــﻮمِ اﺳﺎﺳﯽِ ﻓﻠﺴﻔﻪ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ اﺑﺮاز داﺷﺘﻨﺪ و ﻫﺮﮐﺲ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ ﻓﮑﺮي ﺧﻮﯾﺶ و ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮاﯾﺸــﯽ ﮐــﻪ ﻣﻠﺘــﺰم ﺑــﻪ آن ﺑﻮده، آزادي را ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ ﮐﺮده و ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ﺧــﻮد از آزادي را ﺑﯿــﺎن ﻣﯽ داﺷــﺖ. ﺑــﺎ اﯾــﻦ وﺻــﻒ ﺗﺤﻠﯿــﻞ ﮔﻔﺘﻤﺎنِ اﻧﺪ ﯾﺸﻤﻨﺪان ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﭘﯿﺮاﻣﻮن ﻣﻔﻬﻮم آزادي ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻣــﺎ را ﺑــﻪ درك و ﺷــﻨﺎﺧﺖ دﻗﯿــﻖ ﺗﺮ از ﻣﺒــﺎﻧﯽ ﻓﮑﺮي ﻃﯿﻒ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ آن اﻧﺪﯾﺸﻪ آﮔﺎه ﺗﺮ ﺳﺎزد. ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﮐﻮﺷﺶ ﺷﺪه ﺗﺎ ﮔﻔﺘﻤــﺎن ﯾﮑــﯽ از ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﻪ دوران ﻣﺸﺮوﻃﯿﺖ، از ﻃﯿﻒ روﺷﻨﻔﮑﺮان ﻏﺮﺑﮕﺮا ﭘﯿﺮاﻣــﻮن ﻣﻔﻬــﻮم و اﺑﻌــﺎد »آز ادي« ﯾﻌﻨﯽ »ﻣﯿﺮزا ﻣﻠﮑﻢ ﺧﺎن« ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد. در ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﮐﻪ ﺑــﻪ روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿــﻞ ﮔﻔﺘﻤــﺎن ﻻﮐــﻼ و ﻣﻮف ﺑﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم رﺳﯿﺪه اﯾﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ ﮐﻪ دال ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ي ﺗﻔﮑﺮ ﻣﯿ ﺮز ا ﻣﻠﮑﻢ ﺧﺎن در راﺑﻄــﻪ ﺑــﺎ ﮔﻔﺘﻤــﺎن آزاد ي ، ﻗﺎﻧﻮن، اﻣ ﻨﯿ ﺖ وﻧﻈﻢ ﺧﻮاﻫ ﯽ اﺳﺖ . در ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮔﻔﺘﻤﺎن ﻣﯿﺮزا ﻣﻠﮑــﻢ ﺧــﺎن ﭘﯿﺮاﻣــﻮن آزادي در اﻧﻘﻼب ﻣﺸﺮوﻃﯿﺖ اﯾﻦ ﮔﻔﺘﻤﺎن را ﺑﺎ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯿﻤﯽ ﻫﻤﭽﻮن »ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺖ از اﺳــﺘﺒﺪاد«، »دﺳــﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑــﻪ ﺣﮑﻮﻣــﺖ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن«، »ﻣﺤﺪود ﺷﺪن ﺳﻠﻄﻨﺖ« ، » آزادي زﺑﺎن و ﺧﯿﺎل« و »آزادي ﺟﻤﺎﻋﺖ« ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﻣﻔﺼﻞ ﺑﻨﺪي ﻧﻤﻮد .
چكيده لاتين :
The Constitutional Revolution in Iran, as a turning point in the political history of the country, in addition to extensive socio-political developments, introduced new concepts such as justice, law and freedom, etc. into Iranian political literature. Meanwhile, "freedom", the concept and dimensions of which have always been one of the most challenging scientific issues in the humanities, during the constitutional period, various approaches to its study, meaning, perception and dimensions emerged and thinkers, religious leaders and political activists. They expressed a different view of this basic concept of political philosophy, and each defined freedom according to his own intellectual foundations and with the tendency to which he was bound, and expressed his conception of freedom. However, the analysis of the discourse of different thinkers about the concept of freedom can make us more aware of a more accurate understanding of the intellectual foundations of the spectrum related to that thought. Accordingly, in this article, an attempt has been made to analyze the discourse of one of the prominent personalities of the constitutional era, from the spectrum of Western intellectuals, about the concept and dimensions of "freedom", namely "Mirza Malek Kh@n". In the present study, which was carried out by the analysis of Laclau and Moff discourse, the results were obtained that the central signifier of Mirza Malek Khan's thinking in relation to the discourse of freedom, law, security and order is Mirza Malek Khan's discourse on freedom in The Constitutional Revolution
