ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ اﯾﺠﺎد ﺷﺮﮐﺖﻫﺎي زاﯾﺸﯽ داﻧﺶﺑﻨﯿﺎن در داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ

identifying the obstcales of knowledge based spinoff companies in Islamic Azad University

اﻗﺘﺼﺎد اﻣﺮوز اﻗﺘﺼﺎد داﻧﺸﯽ ﺑﻮده و در اﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺎن ﻧﻘﺶ ﺷﺮﮐﺘﻬﺎي داﻧﺶ ﺑﻨﯿﺎن در ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ و ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ ﻋﻠﻢ و در رﺷﺪ و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﺟﻮاﻣﻊ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮏ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﻪ از اﻫﻤﯿﺖ وِﯾﮋه اي ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار اﺳﺖ . در اﯾﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ داﻧﺸﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﻞ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ دارا ﺑﻮدن ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ و وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎي ﺧﺎص آن از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ اﻟﮕﻮ و ﺳﺮآﻣﺪ ﺑﻮدن ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﻧﻬﺎدﻫﺎ و ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﻬﺎ در ﺗﻼش ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﻫﻤﮕﺎم ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻋﻠﻢ و داﻧﺶ در ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ آن از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ اﯾﺠﺎد ﺷﺮﮐﺘﻬﺎي زاﯾﺸﯽ داﻧﺶ ﺑﻨﯿﺎن ﺑﮑﻮﺷﻨﺪ اﻣﺎ ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺘﻬﺎ و اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت در اﯾﻦ ﺧﺼﻮص ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎن ﻣﻮاﻧﻌﯽ دﯾﺪه ﻣﯽﺷﻮد ﮐﻪ ﻋﻠﯿﺮﻏﻢ ﺗﻼش اﯾﻦ دﺳﺘﻪ از ارﮔﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﯽ و ﻣﻮﻓﻘﯿﺖ آﻣﯿﺰي ﺗﺎﮐﻨﻮن ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﻧﮕﺮدﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ ، ﻟﺬا اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ اﯾﻦ دﺳﺘﻪ از ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ ﺳﻌﯽ دارد ﺗﺎ ﮔﺎﻣﯽ در ﻣﺴﯿﺮ رﻓﻊ آﻧﻬﺎ و ﺗﺴﻬﯿﻞ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي ﺳﺎزي داﻧﺶ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ داﻧﺸﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎ ﺑﺮدارد. اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﺪف در زﻣﺮه ﭘﮋوﻫﺶﻫﺎي ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪي ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه و از روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺟﻬﺖ ﮔﺮد آوري داده ﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎدهﺷﺪهاﺳﺖ. اﺑﺰار ﺟﻤﻊآوري دادهﻫﺎ، ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﻮده ﮐﻪ در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ اول ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ در ﺑﯿﻦ 80 ﻧﻔﺮ و در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ دوم اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ ﺑﻨﺪي اﯾﻦ ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ در ﺑﯿﻦ ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 12 ﻧﻔﺮ از اﻋﻀﺎ ﻫﯿﺌﺖ ﻋﻠﻤﯽ در رﺷﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ازاد واﺣﺪ ﻫﺎدﯾﺸﻬﺮ ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ .در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ از روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ اول اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮐﺮدﯾﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﺳﻪ دﺳﺘﻪ از ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ و ﻓﺮدي در اﯾﺠﺎد ﺷﺮﮐﺘﻬﺎي زاﯾﺸﯽ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪﻧﺪ .ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ ﺑﻨﺪي ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﯿﺮي از روش AHP ﮔﺮوﻫﯽ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ در رﺗﺒﻪ اول ،ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ در رﺗﺒﻪ دوم و ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ ﻓﺮدي در رﺗﺒﻪ ﺳﻮم ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ اﯾﺠﺎد ﺷﺮﮐﺖﻫﺎي زاﯾﺸﯽ داﻧﺶ ﺑﻨﯿﺎن داﻧﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪاﻧﺪ.

Today's economy is a knowledge economy, and among them, the role of knowledge-based companies in the development and application of science and in the economic growth and development of present societies as a prominent role is of particular importance. In this regard, universities as the most important vehicle for the production of science due to its special conditions and characteristics, including model and excellence for other institutions and organizations are trying to keep up with the production of science and knowledge in its application through the creation of knowledge based spinn-off companies. But like other activities in this regard, there are still obstacles that despite the efforts of this group of organs has not achieved a good and successful result so far, so this study with the approach of identifying these obstacles tries to take a step towards removing these obstcales and to facilitate the application of knowledge through universities. This research is classified as applied research in terms of purpose and descriptive survey method has been used to collect research data. The data collection tool was a questionnaire that in the first stage of identifying barriers were distributed among 80 people and in the second stage of prioritizing these barriers among experts including 12 faculty members in different fields of Hadishahr Branch of Azad University. In this study, we used factor analysis method to identify barriers in the first stage, which resulted in identifying three categories of environmental, organizational and individual barriers in creating rspin-off companies in university . The results of prioritizing barriers using group AHP method showed organizational barriers is placed in the first place, respectively, environmental barriers are in the second place and individual barriers are in the third place to the establishment of university knowledge-based spin-off companies.