ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ روشﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺧﻄﺮ ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از اﻧﺪرﮐﻨﺶ ﮔﺴﯿﺨﺘﮕﯽ ﮔﺴﻠﺶ ﻣﻌﮑﻮس و ﭘﯽﻫﺎي ﺳﻄﺤﯽ

Investigating surface fault Rupture Hazard Mitigation for shallow foundations by EPS wall using Numerical studies

ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪهي ﺧﺮاﺑﯽ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎنﻫﺎ و ﺗﻠﻔﺎت ﺟﺎﻧﯽ ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از ﮔﺴﯿﺨﺘﮕﯽ ﮔﺴﻠﺶ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﯾﺠﺎد اﻧﮕﯿﺰه در ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﺎن ﺑﺮاي در ﻧﻈﺮﮔﯿﺮي راهﺣﻞﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﮐﺎﻫﺶ آﺳﯿﺐ وارده ﺑﺮ ﺳﺎزهﻫﺎ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. در ﻣﻮاﻗﻌﯽ ﮐﻪ اﺟﺘﻨﺎب از ﺳﺎﺧﺖ و ﺳﺎز در ﻣﺠﺎورت ﮔﺴﻞﻫﺎي ﻓﻌﺎل اﻣﮑﺎنﭘﺬﯾﺮ ﻧﯿﺴﺖ، اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد. آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰ اﻟﻤﺎن ﻣﺤﺪود ﺻﺤﺖ ﺳﻨﺠﯽ ﺷﺪه از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﺮﯾﻔﯿﻮژ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻮرداﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮارﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. اﺑﺘﺪا ﺑﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮﮔﯿﺮي زواﯾﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﮔﺴﻞ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺖ ﺑﺤﺮاﻧﯽ ﻓﻮﻧﺪاﺳﯿﻮن )ﮐﻪ در آن ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ دوران را دارد( ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺳﭙﺲ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺣﻔﺮ دﯾﻮار ﭘﺮﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ ﺻﻔﺤﺎت ﭘﻠﯽاﺳﺘﺮﻧﯽ4 در ﻋﻤﻖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻧﺰدﯾﮏ ﻓﻮﻧﺪاﺳﯿﻮن ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮﺧﻮرد ﺑﺎ ﮔﺴﯿﺨﺘﮕﯽ ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از ﮔﺴﻠﺶ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن دادﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ دﯾﻮار ﻣﺬﮐﻮر ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﮑﻞﭘﺬﯾﺮي ﺑﺎﻻ و ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺑﺮﺷﯽ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎك ﺗﻮاﻧﺴﺘﻪ ﻣﺴﯿﺮ ﮔﺴﯿﺨﺘﮕﯽ ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از ﮔﺴﻠﺶ را ﻣﻨﺤﺮف ﮐﺮده و آﺳﯿﺐ وارده ﺑﻪ ﻓﻮﻧﺪاﺳﯿﻮن را ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﺑﺮﺳﺎﻧﺪ؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﭘﯽ ﺳﻄﺤﯽ دوران و ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻤﯽ را ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ. ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ دﯾﻮار EPS ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺖ دﻗﯿﻖ ﻓﻮﻧﺪاﺳﯿﻮن ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﻮد ﺳﻄﺤﯽ ﮔﺴﻞ s/b، ﺑﺰرﮔﯽ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﯾﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﯽ ﮔﺴﻞ )h/H ( و اﻟﺒﺘﻪ زاوﯾﻪ ﮔﺴﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﮕﯽ دارد.

Observing destroyed engineered structures and induced fatality due to faulting motivated engineers to consider possible solution for reducing damage to structures. Mitigations countermeasures should be applied when elusion is not possible. Finite element analyses verified through centrifuge model experiments is implemented in this study. Considering different fault dip Angel, critical position of surface foundation in which it has the most rotation is specified. Then effectiveness of trenching a wall filled with extended polystyrene sheets (EPS) near foundation, at sufficient depth to intercept the propagating fault rupture is investigated. The results indicated that such wall thanks to its high deformability and very low shear resistance relative to the soil can absorb the compressive thrust of fault and forces the rupture to deviate along its length. So the foundation will experience less rotation and displacement .The effectiveness of EPS wall is depend on exact location of foundation relative to the surface fault outcrop s/b , magnitude of fault offset h/H and of course amount of fault dip slip Angel α.