ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺣﺪاﮐﺜﺮ ﻋﻤﻖ آﺑﺸﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦدﺳﺖ ﺳﺮرﯾﺰ ﺟﺎم ﭘﺮﺗﺎﺑﯽ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻪ ﺳﺮرﯾﺰ (ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻮردي ﺳﺮرﯾﺰ ﺳﺪ ﻣﺨﺰﻧﯽ آزاد ﮐﺮدﺳﺘﺎن)

Reduce the maximum scour depth downstream of Flip Bucket Spillway through the spillway geometry optimization (study released spillway dam Kurdistan)

ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ ﺣﻮﺿﭽﻪ ﭘﺮﺗﺎﺑﯽ، ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﻧﺎﺣﯿﻪاي ﮐﻪ ﺟﺮﯾﺎن ﺑﺎ آن ﺑﺮﺧﻮرد ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺳﻘﻮط ﺟﺖ، زاوﯾﻪ ﭘﺮﺗﺎب ﺟﺮﯾﺎن آب، ﻋﻤﻖ ﭘﺎﯾﺎب و ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﺟﺖ ﺑﺴﺘﮕﯽ دارد. ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺳﻘﻮط ﺟﺖ، ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺳﻘﻮط ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ و درﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ اﻧﺪازه ﺣﺮﮐﺖ ﺗﺨﺮﯾﺐ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد. ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﻋﻤﻖ ﭘﺎﯾﺎب ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، اﻧﺮژي ﺟﺖ ﻧﻔﻮذي ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻬﻠﮏ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ. ﭼﻨﺎﻧﭽﻪ ﻧﺎﺣﯿﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﻮرد وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت ﺑﺎ آﻧﭽﻪ در ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪﺷﺪه داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، ﻣﻤﮑﻦ اﺳﺖ )ﭘﺪﯾﺪه آﺑﺸﺴﺘﮕﯽ( ﺑﻪ وارد ﺷﺪن ﺧﺴﺎرتﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎزه ﺳﺪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺷﻮد. ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎج ﻓﺎزي و اﻟﮕﻮرﯾﺘﻢ ﺗﮑﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻔﺎﺿﻠﯽ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﮐﺮدن ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻪ ﺳﺮرﯾﺰ ﺟﺎم ﭘﺮﺗﺎﺑﯽ در ﺟﻬﺖ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻋﻤﻖ آﺑﺸﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦدﺳﺖ ﺟﺖ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎج ﻓﺎزي و ﺳﭙﺲ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻋﻤﻖ آﺑﺸﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ اﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎي ورودي-ﺧﺮوﺟﯽ در دﺳﺘﺮس، از ﻣﺪل ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎج ﻓﺎزي- ﻋﺼﺒﯽ )ANFIS( اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. اﺑﺘﺪا در ﻣﺪل ANFIS ﺑﻪ آﻣﻮزش دادهﻫﺎي ورودي و ﺧﺮوﺟﯽ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از دادهﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ اﺳﺖ. درﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻪﮐﺎرﮔﯿﺮي اﻟﮕﻮرﯾﺘﻢ ﺗﮑﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻔﺎﺿﻠﯽ و ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺧﺮوﺟﯽ ﻣﺪل ANFIS ﺑﻪ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻪ ﺳﺮرﯾﺰ ﺟﺎﻣﯽ ﭘﺮﺗﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﻫﺪف ﮐﻤﯿﻨﻪﺳﺎزي ﻋﻤﻖ ﺣﻔﺮه آﺑﺸﺴﺘﮕﯽ در ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦدﺳﺖ ﺳﺮرﯾﺰ ﺟﺎم ﭘﺮﺗﺎﺑﯽ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﻣﺪل ﻣﻮردﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮح ﻣﻮﺟﻮد و ﻓﺮﻣﻮل وروﻧﺲ )1937( و ﻣﯿﺴﻮن و آروﻣﻮﮔﺎم )1984( ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎندﻫﻨﺪه ﮐﺎرا و ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﺑﻮدن ﻣﺪل اﻟﮕﻮرﯾﺘﻢ ﺗﮑﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻔﺎﺿﻠﯽ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﻪﻃﻮريﮐﻪ ﻋﻤﻖ آﺑﺸﺴﺘﮕﯽ در ﻣﺪل اﻟﮕﻮرﯾﺘﻢ ﺗﮑﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻔﺎﺿﻠﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻃﺮح ﻣﻮﺟﻮد و ﻓﺮﻣﻮل وروﻧﺲ )1937( وﻣﯿﺴﻮن و آروﻣﻮﮔﺎم )1984( ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 3/44 ،1/44 و 9/44 ﻣﺘﺮ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻋﻤﻖ آﺑﺸﺴﺘﮕﯽ را در ﭘﯽ دارد.

The Performance of shooting pool, in addition to the quality of the area in which the flow collides with it, depends to the height of the jet drop, the angle of the water flow, the depth of the jet and the concentration of the jet. By increasing the height of the jet drop, the fall velocity increases and subsequently the jet's energy will be more intrusive. Different collision area from the scouring phenomenon that considered in the design step, may lead to damages to the structure of the dam. For this purpose, an Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) model and Differential Evolution Algorithm were used to optimize the geometry of the flip bucket spillway to reduce the scour depth of the jet. To construct a fuzzy inference system and calculate the scour depth based on available input/output patterns, the ANFIS fuzzy-inductive inference system was used. ANFIS model was used to train input and output data using laboratory data. Finally, using the differential evolution algorithm and also the ANFIS model output, the geometry of the flip bucket spillway has been optimized by defining the objective function for minimizing the depth of the scour hole in the downstream of the spillway.