شايستگي‌ها و صلاحيت‌هاي حرفه‌اي مربيان آموزش فني و حرفه‌اي

Professional Competencies and Qualifications of Technical and Vocational Education Trainers

اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ ﻣﺎﻟﯽ و ﺳﻔﺎرش ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن آﻣﻮزش ﻓﻨﯽ و ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي ﮐﺸﻮر و ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺗﺮﺑﯿﺖ ﻣﺮﺑﯽ و ﭘﮋوﻫﺶﻫﺎي ﻓﻨﯽ و ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب ﺻﻼﺣﯿﺖﻫﺎي ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي ﻣﺮﺑﯿﺎن و ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﮕﯽﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد اﻧﺘﻈﺎر ﻣﺮﺑﯿﺎن ﻓﻨﯽ و ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻧﻮع ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﺪف ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي و از ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮدآوري دادهﻫﺎ ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ از ﻧﻮع ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ اﺳﺖ. روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ از ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﮐﻤﯽ و ﮐﯿﻔﯽ اﺳﺖ. اﺑﺰارﻫﺎي ﮔﺮدآوري دادهﻫﺎ، ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ اﺳﻨﺎدي، ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ اﻟﮑﺘﺮوﻧﯿﮏ و ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﭘﺎﯾﺎﺋﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ 0/985 و رواﺋﯽ آن ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﯾﯿﺪ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﯿﻦ و ﻣﺮﺑﯿﺎن و ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ آﻣﻮزش ﻓﻨﯽ و ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﻣﺘﺸﮑﻞ از ﺳﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 1- ﻣﺮﺑﯿﺎن، 2-ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن و ﻣﺪﯾﺮان ﻣﺮاﮐﺰ ﺗﺮﺑﯿﺖ ﻣﺮﺑﯽ و ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻓﻨﯽ و ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي و 3- ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن آﻣﻮزش ﻓﻨﯽ و ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن آﻣﻮزش ﻓﻨﯽ و ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ..ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎي ﮐﯿﻔﯽ از ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺤﺘﻮا، و در ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎي ﮐﻤﯽ در ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻒ دادهﻫﺎ از ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ و اﻧﺤﺮاف ﻣﻌﯿﺎر و در ﺑﺨﺶ اﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎﻃﯽ از آزﻣﻮن t ﺗﮏ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪاي و آزﻣﻮن ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﯾﮏ راﻫﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺤﺘﻮا، 112 ﮔﺰاره ﺻﻼﺣﯿﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺑﯿﺎن ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺻﻼﺣﯿﺖﻫﺎي ورودي )15 ﮔﺰاره( ﺻﻼﺣﯿﺖﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ )66 ﮔﺰاره( و ﺻﻼﺣﯿﺖﻫﺎي ﺗﺨﺼﺼﯽ )31 ﮔﺰاره( ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﮔﺰارهﻫﺎ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ و ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺳﻨﺠﯽ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎي ﮐﻤﯽ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ دﻫﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﺑﻄﻮر ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﮔﺰارهﻫﺎ در ﺳﻄﺢ زﯾﺎد ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ آزﻣﻮن ﻟﻮﯾﻦ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ درﻫﯿﭻ ﯾﮏ از ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎ در ﻫﺮ ﺳﻪ ﮔﺮوه، ﺻﻼﺣﯿﺖﻫﺎ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﻧﻤﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﻓﺮض ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻫﻤﮕﻨﯽ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺎﯾﯿﺪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ و ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺑﺎ وﺟﻮد ﻧﺎﻣﺴﺎوي ﺑﻮدن ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﻋﺘﻤﺎد اﺳﺖ.

This research aimed to design the Vocational Qualifications Framework of trainers as well as determine the expected competencies of technical and vocational trainers. The type of research is applied in terms of purpose and it is a descriptive survey in terms of data collection. The research method is a combination of quantitative and qualitative studies. Data collection tools are documentary study, electronic questionnaire and interview. The reliability of the questionnaires was 0.985 and its validity was confirmed by experienced experts, trainers and experts of Technical and Vocational Education. The statistical population consisted of three groups including educators, experts and managers of instructor training centers and technical and vocational organizations, and foreign technical and vocational education experts related to the Technical and Vocational Education Organization. Content analysis was used to evaluate and analyze qualitative data, mean and standard deviation were used in quantitative data analysis in the data description section, and one-sample t-test and one-way analysis of variance were used in the inferential section. By content analysis, 112 statements of trainers' competencies including entrance competencies, general competencies and specialized qualifications were obtained. These statements were surveyed through questionnaires and interviews. The results of quantitative data analysis showed that all respondents, on average, strongly agreed with all the statements. The results of the Levin test showed that in any of the variables in all three groups, competencies were not significant and the hypothesis based on homogeneity of variance was confirmed and the results are reliable despite the inequality of the statistical population.