بازنگري معيارهاي مطلوبيت خيابان هاي شهري تهران از ديدگاه شهروندان (مطالعه موردي: خيابان وليعصرعج)

A Review Desiring Criteria of Iran Urban Streets from the Perspective of Citizens (Case study: Vali-e- Asr Street)

موضوع اين مقاله، مطالعه عوامل و معيارهاي مطلوبيت خيابان شهري و توقعات مورد نظر شهروندان از آن­است. مسئله تحقيق ناظر به عدم شناخت دقيق مولفه ­هاي مطلوبيت خيابان شهري در سكانس ­هاي مختلف آن­است. گزاره نظري پژوهش اين ­است كه وجود كيفيت در مولفه­ هاي كالبدي، فضايي، معنايي-نمادين و فعاليتي- اجتماعي منجر به ايجاد سرزندگي، خاطره­ انگيزي، ايمني و انعطاف ­پذيري به­ عنوان ابعاد توقعات شهروندان از خيابان شهري مي­ شوند. روش تحقيق مقاله شامل روش ­هاي توصيفي تحليلي و پيمايش مي­ باشد. شيوه گردآوري داده ­ها مصاحبه با ابزار پرسشنامه باز و نيمه ساختار يافته است. جامعه آماري شهروندان سه سكانس از خيابان وليعصرعج مي ­باشد. نتايج تحقيق نشان دهنده اين است كه سرزندگي، خاطره انگيزي نقش بسزايي در برآورده شدن توقعات شهروندان از خيابان شهري دارند. دو بعد انعطاف پذيري و ايمني نقش كمتري از اين دو بعد ديگر دارند. نزديك بودن ميزان اهميت چهار مولفه منجر به مطلوبيت بيشتر مي­شود. براي مطلوبيت خيابان شهري، نقش مولفه ­هاي كالبدي، فضايي، معنايي و فعاليتي با توجه به ماهيت سكانس خيابان بسيار متفاوت است ولي موثربودن هر چهار مولفه در ايجاد مطلوبيت و ساختن شخصيت منحصر بفرد خيابان بسيار حائز اهميت است. مولفه­ هاي كالبدي و فضايي به سرزندگي و ايمني بيشتر و مولفه ­هاي معنايي و فعاليتي به خاطره ­انگيزي و انعطاف ­پذيري بيشتر منجر مي­ شوند.

The subject of this article is studying criteria considered desirable urban street and expectations of citizens from it. Research problem concerns the lack of detailed knowledge about desirable components of urban street in different sequences. Theoretical proposition of this research is that quality of place led to a vitally, memorable, safety and flexibility as the expectations of the citizens from urban street. More attention to components that have a greater impact on the quality of the space can lead to a sense of belonging of citizens to space and sense of relaxation and good experience. Quality and desirability of urban street as an urban public space would be achieved from different quality. In creating this quality, physical, space, activity, meaning dimensions have fundamental roles. The importance of each of them in the creation qualified spaces is highly dependent on culture, experience and intellectual background and the nature of the citizens of a city street. The main problem is that the most designer would be considered the urban street as a homogeneous and integrated element with similar expectations and criteria in all sequences. While each of the physical, spatial, activities, meaning and vernacular dimensions have different roles and different degrees of importance in different sequences. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between characteristics of urban space and the role of each of the dimensions listed in establishing the quality and desirability of urban street with cultural characteristics, experience and background features are citizens, and the nature of urban streets. Research Methodology contain describing-analytic and survey methods. Data collection method is survey by semi-structured interviews with open questionnaire. The population is citizens inhabiting in three sequences of Tehran Vali Asr Street. The sample included 500 individuals from the residents and business owners of the blocks linked to the sequences under study and a purposive sampling method was used to select them. The reliability of these indicators has been established by reference to the literature, consensus among experts, and author’s content knowledge. The results indicate that the vitality and memorizing play important role in providing citizens' urban street’s expectations. Two dimensions of flexibility and safety are less effective than the other two dimensions. The proximity of the importance of four factors leads to greater desirability. For desirability of urban street, the role of physical, spatial, semantic and activity due to the nature of the street scene are many very different. But the effectiveness of each component in creating desirable and unique character of the street is very important. The spatial and semantic components led to vitality and safety and activities and meanings led to memorizing and flexibility.