بررسي آسيب هاي توسعه ميان افزا در بافت هاي مياني شهرها با كاربست مدل معادلات ساختاري (نمونه موردي: محله كوچه مشكي در شهر زنجان)

Investigating the Harms of Using Infill Development in the Middle Textures of Cities Using the Structural Equation Model (Case Study: KocheMeshki Neighborhood in Zanjan)

در ﻧﺒﺮد ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار و رﻓﺎه، دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ اﻟﮕﻮي رﺷﺪ ﻓﺸﺮده ﺑﻌﻨﻮان ﮐﻠﯿﺪ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ از زﻣﯿﻦ ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد. ﻧﻮﺳﺎزي ﺷﻬﺮي ﮐﻪ ﺑﻌﻨﻮان ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻣﯿﺎﻧﯽ اﺳﺖ، از ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ ﻣﯿﺎن اﻓﺰاﯾﯽ در ﺑﺎزﺳﺎزي و ﻧﻮﺳﺎزي ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻬﺮه ﻣﯽ ﺑﺮد. ﺑﺎ وﺟﻮد اﺛﺮات ﻣﺜﺒﺖ اﯾﻦ اﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري، در ﺻﻮرت ﻋﺪم اﺟﺮاي اﺻﻮﻟﯽ آﻧﻬﺎ، ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺪﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﻔﯽ ازﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻋﺪم رﺿﺎﯾﺖ ذي ﻧﻔﻌﺎن و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ رخ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ داد. اﺟﺮاي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﯿﺎن اﻓﺰا در ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﯽ زﻧﺠﺎن ﺑﺼﻮرت ﺗﺨﺮﯾﺐ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺳﮑﻮﻧﺖ و رﯾﺰداﻧﻪ و ﺳﺎﺧﺖ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي آﭘﺎرﺗﻤﺎﻧﯽ در اراﺿﯽ ﺑﺎﯾﺮ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﺛﺮات ﻣﻨﻔﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﯿﺎن اﻓﺰا ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ و آﺳﯿﺐ ﻫﺎي ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از آن ﺑﻌﻨﻮان ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ واﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻮده و ﺑﺮاي آزﻣﻮن اﯾﻦ راﺑﻄﻪ از روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ و ﻋﻠّﯽ و ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري در ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار pls 1 ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮازش ﻣﺪل ﮐﻠﯽ رواﺑﻂ ﻧﺸﺎن از ﻋﺪم رﺿﺎﯾﺖ ﺳﺎﮐﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﺤﻠﻪ ﮐﻮﭼﻪ ﻣﺸﮑﯽ از ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﯿﺎن اﻓﺰاي اﺗﻔﺎق اﻓﺘﺎده دارد )GOF2=0.37(. ﻟﯿﮑﻦ، ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ آن از ﺑﯿﻦ رﻓﺘﻦ ﻣﺸﺎﻏﻞ ﺑﻮﻣﯽِ ﻣﺤﻠﻪ، اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ و آﻟﻮدﮔﯽ، ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﯿﺰان دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﮑﻦ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺳﺘﻄﺎﻋﺖ، و ﻧﺎﺑﻮدي اراﺿﯽ زراﻋﯽ ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ ﻧﺸﺪ. اﻣﺎ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ آن ﺑﺮ اﺣﺴﺎس ﮐﻤﺒﻮد ﺧﺪﻣﺎت و ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ، ﮐﺎﻫﺶ رواﺑﻂ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﺑﺮ ﻧﺎرﺿﺎﯾﺘﯽ از ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﯿﺎن اﻓﺰا ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ ﺷﺪ. ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﮑﻦ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺳﺘﻄﺎﻋﺖ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺪل ﻧﺸﺎن داد: ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ آﺳﯿﺐ ﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﯿﺎن اﻓﺰا از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺳﺎﮐﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﺤﻠﻪ، ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﻋﺒﺎرت اﻧﺪ از: اﺣﺴﺎس ﮐﻤﺒﻮد ﺧﺪﻣﺎت، ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ، ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﻣﻨﯿﺖ و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ رواﺑﻂ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ.

In the battle between sustainable development and prosperity,achieving an intensive urban model and infill development is considered as the key to protecting the land.Despite the positive effects this growth pattern has on the sustainability of cities. If its principles are not implemented,this pattern will face negative consequences. Implementation of infill development in the middle of texture Zanjan in the form of construction of apartment units in the barren lands left in the recent years, has caused several negative effects on the lives of the residents.The aim of this study was to determine these effects by descriptive and causal methods (after occurrence),the necessary data were collected by survey tools. The relationships between the concepts were formulated using theoretical foundations and the structural equation model was used to test the relationships using Smart PLS software. Testing the general model shows the dissatisfaction of the residents of the KocheMeshki neighborhood because of the infill development that has occurred (GOF=0.37).The effects of the loss of local jobs, increased density, increased pollution,reduced access to affordable housing, and the destruction of farmland were not confirmed. In contrast to the effect of declining per capita and quality of life, reduced social relations, reduced security on dissatisfaction with infill development with90% confidence interval was confirmed.The effect of legal barriers on reducing access to affordable housing was also confirmed. The findings of the model showed that the most important disadvantages of infill development for the residents of the neighborhood are:reduction of per capita land use and quality of life,reduced security and social relations.