بررسي اثر مؤلفه‌هاي كيفيت محيطي بر احساس امنيت شهروندان مطالعه موردي: پياده‌راه مركزي شهر همدان

Investigating the Effect of Environmental Quality Components on Citizens' Sense of Security (Case of Central Sidewalk of Hamedan City)

ﺴﺎس اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺳﺎزﻧﺪه ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽِ ﭘﯿﺎده راه ﺷﻬﺮي اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ در ﻣﯿﺰان ﺣﻀﻮر ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان ﻧﯿﺰ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﯿﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر، ﻧﻤﻮد اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ در ﺣﻀﻮر و ﻧﻈﺎرت ﮔﺮوه ﻫﺎي ﺳﻨﯽ و ﺟﻨﺴﯽ ﻓﻌﺎل ﻣﺮدم در ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي ﺷﻬﺮي ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻫﺪف ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽِ ﻓﻀﺎي ﺷﻬﺮي ﺑﺮ اﺣﺴﺎس اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان و دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب ﻣﻨﻈﻤﯽ از ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ آن ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. در راﺳﺘﺎي دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻫﺪف، روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي و از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻧﺤﻮه ﺟﻤﻊ آوري اﻃﻼﻋﺎت، ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ و ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ از ﻓﺮﻣﻮل ﮐﻮﮐﺮان اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ و ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ365 ﻧﻔﺮ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪ. اﻋﺘﺒﺎر و ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ آﻟﻔﺎي ﮐﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ 0/853 ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ازاﯾﻦ ﻗﺮار اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽِ ﻓﻀﺎي ﺷﻬﺮي ﺑﺮ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي اﺣﺴﺎس اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان در ﭘﯿﺎده راه ﻣﺮﮐﺰي ﺷﻬﺮ ﻫﻤﺪان راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ، ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري وﺟﻮد دارد. درﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽِ ﻓﻀﺎي ﺷﻬﺮي ﺑﺮ اﺣﺴﺎس اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان در ﭘﯿﺎده راه ﻣﺮﮐﺰي ﺷﻬﺮ ﻫﻤﺪان ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ 76 درﺻﺪي دارﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻫﺎ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺴﯿﺮ رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮﻧﯽ ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد ﻧﻈﺮي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺖ دارد و ﻓﺮﺿﯿﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ را ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ. در واﻗﻊ در ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي ﺷﻬﺮي ﻫﻤﭽﻮن ﭘﯿﺎده راه ﻣﺮﮐﺰي ﺷﻬﺮ ﻫﻤﺪان، ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﻧﻈﺎرت اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺣﻠﻘﻪ اي از زﻧﺠﯿﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ و وﺻﻞ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ.

The feeling of security is one of the most important factors in the quality of the pedestrian environment. It is a city that is also effective in the presence of citizens. For this reason, security should be visible in the presence and supervision of active age and sexual groups of people in urban spaces. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of environmental quality components of urban space on citizens' sense of security and achieve a regular framework of factors affecting it. In order to achieve this goal, the research method is applied and in terms of how to collect information, descriptive and survey. Cochran's formula was used to determine the sample size and the sample size of 365 people was calculated. The validity and reliability of the questionnaires were calculated by Cronbach's alphabet 0.853. Findings of the study show that there is a direct, positive and significant relationship between the components of environmental quality of urban space and the components of citizens' sense of security on the central sidewalk of Hamadan. In total, the environmental quality components of the urban space have a 76% effect on the citizens' sense of security on the central sidewalk of Hamadan. The results of correlations and regression path analysis are consistent with the theoretical approach of the research and confirm the research hypothesis. In fact, in urban spaces such as the central sidewalk of the city of Hamadan, social participation and social monitoring on the central sidewalk of the city of Hamadan are connected and connected as a chain.