شگردهاي مولوي براي اقناع مخاطب در داستان نخجيران و شير

Advice on audience persuasion in the story of lion and Hunting ground in the book of Masnavi

اقناع مخاطب به عنوان فرايندي كه براي تغيير نگرش مخاطب و همراه كردن او با عقايد گوينده انجام مي‌شود، يكي از اهداف اصلي متون عرفاني تعليمي از جمله مثنوي است. مولوي با توسّل به شيوه‌هاي مختلف تأثيرگذاري بر مخاطب، سعي در انتقال مفاهيم عرفاني به مخاطب دارد و از ابزارهاي كلامي و غيركلامي متعدّدي براي اين منظور بهره مي‌برد. يكي از شيوه‌هاي مولوي براي رسيدن به اين مقصود، استفاده از شيوۀ داستان‌پردازي است. از جمله داستان‌هاي مثنوي كه اين موضوع را به وضوح نشان مي‌دهد داستان نخجيران و شير است. نتايج حاصل نشان مي‌دهد كه مولوي اين داستان را به شيوۀ گفتگو‌ محور پيش مي‌برد و از زبان هر يك از طرفين مناظره كننده، با استفاده از شيوه‌هاي خاصي براي اقناع طرف مقابل، به بيان عقايد رايج در زمينۀ جهد و توكّل مي‌پردازد. در اين مناظرات مولوي از شيوه‌هاي خاصي براي اقناع حريف بهره مي‌برد كه اهمّ آن‌ها عبارتنداز: احتجاج به آيات و روايات، ذكر دلايل حسّي، عقلي و وجداني، استفاده از زبان بدن، تمثيل و...

Audience persuasion, as a process used to change the audience attitude and associate him with the speaker's beliefs, is one of the main objectives of the educational mystics texts including the spiritual Mathnawi (Masnavii Ma’navi) of Jalalu'ddin Rumi, Mawlana. Mawlawi all over the Mathnawi has tried to convey the mystical and religious concepts to the audience by resorting different ways of influencing the audience and has benefited from several verbal and nonverbal or mystical and non-mystical tools for this purpose. One of Mawlawi's ways of achieving this goal is to benefiting from the storytelling ways and expressing the under considering concepts in the form of conversation and debate among the characters of the story. Among the beautiful stories of Masnavi that clearly illustrates this theme is the story of Nakhjiran and Lion. Rumi promotes this story in a conversational way and from the language of each of the debate parties using specific methods to satisfy the opposite party, deals with the expression of common beliefs and faiths in the context of strive and trust. In this debate that takes place in two major parts: Debate between Nakhjiran and lion, debate between Rabbit and Nakhjiran; each of the debate parties uses specific ways to satisfy an opponent that most important of it includes: protest to verses and narratives, mentioning the intuitive, intellectual and conscientious reasons, use of body language, allegory and ...