شناسايي عوامل برون‌سازماني موثر بر اخلاق پژوهشي در راستاي تجاري‌سازي تحقيقات دانشگاهي

Identifying External Factors Affecting Research Ethics in Order to Commercialize Academic Research

ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺑﺮونﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ اﺧﻼق ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﯽ در راﺳﺘﺎي ﺗﺠﺎريﺳﺎزي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت داﻧﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ در داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ اﺳﺘﺎن اردﺑﯿﻞ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ. روش: روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ از ﻧﻮع ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ، ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ، ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﻠﯿﻪ اﺳﺎﺗﯿﺪ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ اردﺑﯿﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌـﺪاد 537ﻧﻔﺮ و ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ آﻣﺎري 172 ﻧﻔﺮ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﻃﺒﻘﻪاي و ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻓﺮﻣﻮل ﮐـﻮﮐﺮان ﺑـﻪ دﺳـﺖ آﻣـﺪه اﺳـﺖ. ﺑـﺮاي ﮔﺮدآوري دادهﻫﺎ ﻧﯿﺰ از اﺑﺰار ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﻣﻨﺪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ روشﻫﺎي آﻣﺎري اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷـﺪه در ﭘـﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿـﺮ، ﻣـﺪلﺳـﺎزي ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري، ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ اﮐﺘﺸﺎﻓﯽ و آزﻣﻮن ﺗﯽ ﺗﮏ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪاي ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﮑﺎرﮔﯿﺮي و ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ارﺗﻘﺎي اﺧﻼق ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﯽ در راﺳﺘﺎي ﺗﺠﺎريﺳﺎزي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت داﻧﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦﺗﺮ از ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻧﻈﺮي اﺳﺖ. در ﺳﻮال، ﻣﯿﺰان اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ارﺗﻘﺎي اﺧﻼق ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﯽ در راﺳﺘﺎي ﺗﺠﺎري ﺳﺎزي، ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﮐﻠـﯽ ﮔﻮﯾـﻪﻫﺎ در وﺿـﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﻄﻠـﻮب ﺑﺮاﺑـﺮ 3/44 ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷـﺪ. در ﺳﻮال، ﺳﻬﻢ ﻫﺮ ﯾﮏ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي ارﺗﻘﺎء اﺧﻼق ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﯽ در راﺳﺘﺎي ﺗﺠﺎريﺳﺎزي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺑﺎر ﻋـﺎﻣﻠﯽ ﮔﻮﯾـﻪﻫﺎي در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي »ﺑﺮون ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ« ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﯾﻪ ﺷﻤﺎره 43 ﺑﺎ وزن 0/90 و ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺑﺎر ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﯾﻪ ﺷـﻤﺎره 46 ﺑﺎ وزن 0/41اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي ﺑﺮون ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ اﺧﻼق ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﯽ در راﺳـﺘﺎي ﺗﺠﺎريﺳـﺎزي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘـﺎت داﻧﺸـﮕﺎﻫﯽ ﭘـﺎﯾﯿﻦﺗﺮ از ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺎ وﺿﻊ ﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري دارد. از ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان در ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖﮔﺬاري ﺗﺠﺎريﺳـﺎزي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘـﺎت داﻧﺸـﮕﺎﻫﯽ در ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي آﻣﻮزش ﻋﺎﻟﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮐﺮد.

The present study was conducted to identify the extra-organizational factors affecting research ethics in order to commercialize academic research in the Islamic Azad University of Ardabil province. Method: The method of the present study was survey, descriptive and correlational. The statistical population includes all professors of the Islamic Azad University of Ardabil, 537 people and the number of statistical samples is 172 people, which has been obtained by stratified sampling method and using Cochran's formula. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Among the statistical methods used in the present study are structural equation modeling, exploratory factor analysis and one-sample t-test. Results: The rate of application and attention to the promotion of research ethics in order to commercialize academic research is lower than the theoretical average. In the question, the importance of promoting research ethics in the direction of commercialization, the overall average of items in the desired situation is 3.44. In the question, the contribution of each of the components of research ethics promotion in order to commercialize the research of Islamic Azad University, it weighs 0.41. Conclusion: The results showed that the extra-organizational components affecting research ethics in order to commercialize academic research are lower than average and are significantly different from the desired situation. The results of this research can be used in the policy of commercialization of academic research in higher education programs.