نقش تقوا در بعد ايجابي استحكام امنيت ملي در چارچوب سنت‌هاي الهي

The Role of Piety in the Positive Dimension of Strengthening National Security within the Framework of Divine Traditions

ﺗﻘﻮا در ادﺑﯿﺎت ﻣﺘﻌﺎرف ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت دﻓﺎﻋﯽ و ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ، ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﻣﻬﺠﻮري اﺳﺖ. از رﻧﺴﺎﻧﺲ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ، ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﺗﻘﻮا ﺑﻪ ﻃـﻮر ﮐﻠﯽ از ﺣﻮزه ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ، ﻗﺪرت، اﻣﻨﯿﺖ و اﻣﻮر دﻓﺎﻋﯽ ﮐﻨﺎر زده ﺷﺪ. اﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﭘﺲ از ﻧﻘﺪﻫﺎي ﻓﺮاوان ﺑﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻤﺎن ﻫـﺎي ﺳﺨﺖ اﻓﺰاري ﻧﻈﯿﺮ رﺋﺎﻟﯿﺴﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺟﺮﯾﺎن اﺻﻠﯽ ﺣﻮزه ﻗـﺪرت و اﻣﻨﯿـﺖ، در ﺳـﻪ دﻫـﻪ اﺧﯿـﺮ ﺷـﺎﻫﺪ ﻇﻬـﻮر ﮔﻔﺘﻤﺎن ﻫﺎي ﻧﺮم ﻫﺴﺘﯿﻢ و در اﯾﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ، ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻫﻮﯾﺖ، ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎه وﯾـﮋه اي در ﺣـﻮزه ﻗـﺪرت و اﻣﻨﯿـﺖ ﺑـﺎز ﮐﺮد؛ اﻣﺎ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎن ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻌﻨﻮي ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ اﺧﻼق و ﺗﻘﻮا، آن ﭼﻨﺎن ﮐـﻪ در ﮔﻔﺘﻤـﺎن اﺳـﻼﻣﯽ ارزش راﻫﺒـﺮدي دارد، ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻧﺸﺪه و ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت در اﯾﻦ زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﻫﻨﻮز از ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎه ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﻪ اي ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﻧﯿﺴﺖ. از اﯾﻦ رو، ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺣﺎﺿـﺮ ﺑﻪ دﻧﺒﺎل ﭘﺎﺳﺦ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻘﻮا ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ در اﺳﺘﺤﮑﺎم و ﻣﻘﺎوم ﺳﺎزي ﺑﻌﺪ اﯾﺠـﺎﺑﯽ اﻣﻨﯿـﺖ ﻣﻠـﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﮔـﺬار اﺳـﺖ؟ روش اﺳﺘﺪﻻل در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﻗﯿﺎﺳﯽ و در ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب ﻧﻈﺮي ﺳﻨﺖ ﻫـﺎي اﻟﻬـﯽ اﺳـﺖ و از روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿـﻞ ﺛﺎﻧﻮﯾـﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﮑﻤﻞ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺟﻤﺎﻟﯽ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻘﻮا ﺑﻪ ﻣﺜﺎﺑﻪ دال ﻣﺮﮐﺰي ﻣﻌﻨﻮﯾـﺖ و اﯾﻤـﺎن ﺑﻪ ﻣﺜﺎﺑﻪ ﺳﻨﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ اﻟﻬﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬار ﺑﺮ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ واﺣﺪ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ ﺑﻮده و از اﯾﻦ رﻫﮕـﺬر ﺑـﺎ ﺣـﻞ ﻣﺴﺄﻟﻪ ﭘﺎﺳﺨﮕﻮﯾﯽ )ﮐﺎرآﻣﺪي( و ﺧﻮاﺳﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان، ﺑﻨﯿﺎد اﻣﻨﯿﺖ اﯾﺠﺎﺑﯽ را ﻣﺴﺘﺤﮑﻢ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ. ﻋﮑﺲ ﻗﻀـﯿﻪ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺻﺎدق اﺳﺖ؛ ﯾﻌﻨﯽ ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﻣﺤﺘﻮم زوال ﺗﻘﻮا، زوال ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ اﺟﺘﻤـﺎﻋﯽ اﺳـﺖ ﮐـﻪ در ﭘـﯽ آن، ﺑﻨﯿﺎدﻫـﺎي ﺑﻌـﺪ اﯾﺠﺎﺑﯽ اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﻣﻠﯽ ﻓﺮوﺧﻮاﻫﺪ رﯾﺨﺖ.

Piety in the conventional literature of defense and political studies is the concept of abandonment. From the Renaissance onwards, the element of piety was generally removed from politics, power, security, and defense. However, after many criticisms of hardware discourses such as realists as the mainstream of power and security, in the last three decades we have seen the emergence of soft discourses, and in this regard, concepts such as identity have opened a special place in power and security. Nevertheless, spiritual issues such as ethics and piety, which have strategic value in the Islamic discourse, are still not considered and research in this field is not yet prominent. Hence, the main question of the present article seeks to answer how piety is effective in strengthening and strengthening the positive dimension of national security? The method of reasoning in this research is deductive and in the theoretical framework of divine traditions and the method of secondary analysis has been used as a complement. The findings of the research indicated that that piety as a central sign of spirituality and faith as a divine social tradition affect the elements of social capital of a political unit and thereby strengthens the foundation of positive security by solving the problem of accountability (efficiency) and citizens' demands . The reverse is also true; That is, the inevitable result of the decline of piety is the decline of social capital, after which the foundations of the positive dimension of national security will collapse.