كليدواژه :
اﻣﻨﯿﺘﯽ ﮐﺮدن , اﻓﮑﺎر ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ , اﺟﻤﺎع ﺳﺎزي , ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺒﺎن , ﺗﺤﺮﯾﻢ ﻫﺎي ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ
چكيده فارسي :
آﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎ ﭘﺲ از ﭘﯿﺮوزي اﻧﻘﻼب اﺳﻼﻣﯽ در ﺳﺎل 1357 ﺑﺎ ازدﺳﺖدادن ﯾﮑﯽ از ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﺘﺤﺪان ﺧﻮد در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻏﺮب آﺳﯿﺎ، ﻫﻤﻪ ﺗﻮان ﺧﻮد را ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻀﻌﯿﻒ ﻫﻮﯾﺖ اﺳﻼﻣﯽ ـ اﻧﻘﻼﺑﯽ ﺟﻤﻬﻮري اﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﺑﻪﮐﺎر ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ اﻗﺪام آﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎ، اﻣﻨﯿﺘﯽ ﮐﺮدن اﯾﺮان در ﺻﺤﻨﻪ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. آﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎ در اﯾﻦ ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﺑﺎزﯾﮕﺮ اﻣﻨﯿﺖﺳﺎز، از رﺳﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮏ ﺑﺎزﯾﮕﺮ ﮐﺎرﮐﺮدي و ﺗﺴﻬﯿﻞﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺮاي دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ اﻗﻨﺎع اﻓﮑﺎر ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ، اﺟﻤﺎع در ﻣﯿﺎن ﺑﺎزﯾﮕﺮان رﺳﻤﯽ و اﻗﺪام ﻋﻠﯿﻪ اﯾﺮان اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ. ﭘﺮﺳﺶ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ آﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ از اﺑﺰار رﺳﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺮاي اﻣﻨﯿﺘﯽ ﮐﺮدن اﯾﺮان اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ؟ ﻓﺮﺿﯿﻪ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ آﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎ ﺑﺎ وﺿﻊ ﻗﻮاﻧﯿﻦ و ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ ﮔﺬاري ﻫﺎي ﮐﻼن و ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺧﻂﻣﺸﯽ ﺑﺮاي رﺳﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ و ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺎﻟﯽ از آنﻫﺎ، ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ اﻣﻨﯿﺘﯽ ﮐﺮدن اﯾﺮان را ﺗﺴﻬﯿﻞ ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ. در دﻫﻪ اول اﻧﻘﻼب، اﻗﻨﺎع اﻓﮑﺎر ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ آﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎ و ﺟﻬﺎن در دﺳﺘﻮر ﮐﺎر ﺑﻮد؛ در دﻫﻪ دوم، اﯾﻦ اﺑﺰار ﺑﺮاي اﻗﻨﺎع اﻓﮑﺎر ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف اﺟﻤﺎع ﻋﻠﯿﻪ اﯾﺮان ﺑﻪﮐﺎر ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ؛ در دﻫﻪ ﺳﻮم، اﺟﻤﺎعﺳﺎزي ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﻗﺪام و ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﺑﺎورﻫﺎ و ﻧﮕﺮش ﻫﺎي ﻣﺮدم اﯾﺮان ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﻫﻤﺮاه ﮐﺮدن آنﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﻧﻈﺎم و اﻋﻤﺎل ﺗﺤﺮﯾﻢ ﻫﺎي ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ اﯾﺮان اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ و در دﻫﻪ ﭼﻬﺎرم، از اﺑﺰار رﺳﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺜﺒﯿﺖ و ﺗﻘﻮﯾﺖ ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ اﻣﻨﯿﺘﯽ ﮐﺮدن در ﺳﻪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ اﻗﻨﺎع، اﺟﻤﺎع و اﻗﺪام ﺑﻪﮐﺎرﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب ﻧﻈﺮي ﻣﮑﺘﺐ ﮐﭙﻨﻬﺎگ ﺑﺎ ﺗﮑﯿﻪ ﺑﺮ ﮐﻨﺶ ﮔﻔﺘﺎري و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﻀﻤﻮن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.
چكيده لاتين :
Media as a tool to securitize the Islamic Republic of Iran based on the US Congressional Documents.After the victory of the Islamic Revolution in 1978, the United States did its utmost to undermine the Islamic-revolutionary identity of the Islamic Republic. The most important US action is to securitize Iran on the world scene. In this process, the United States, as a security actor, has used the media as a functional and facilitating actor to persuade public opinion, consensus among official actors, and take action against Iran. The question is, how has the United States used media tools to secure Iran? The hypothesis is that the United States has facilitated the process of securitizing Iran by enacting policies for the media and their financial support. In the first decade of the revolution, persuading American and world public opinion was on the agenda. In the second decade, this tool was used to persuade public opinion to reach a consensus against Iran. In the third decade, a consensus was formed to act and change the beliefs and attitudes of the Iranian people with the aim of bringing them together to change the system and impose international sanctions on Iran. In the fourth decade, media tools were used to consolidate and strengthen the security process in persuasion, consensus and action. After the victory of the Islamic Revolution in 1978, the United States did its utmost to undermine the Islamic-revolutionary identity of the Islamic Republic. The most important US action is to securitize Iran on the world scene. In this process, the United States, as a security actor, has used the media as a functional and facilitating actor to persuade public opinion, consensus among official actors, and take action against Iran. The question is, how has the United States used media tools to secure Iran? The hypothesis is that the United States has facilitated the process of securitizing Iran by enacting policies for the media and their financial support. In the first decade of the revolution, persuading American and world public opinion was on the agenda. In the second decade, this tool was used to persuade public opinion to reach a consensus against Iran. In the third decade, a consensus was formed to act and change the beliefs and attitudes of the Iranian people with the aim of bringing them together to change the system and impose international sanctions on Iran. In the fourth decade, media tools were used to consolidate and strengthen the security process in persuasion, consensus and action.
