بررسي كتابشناسانۀ آثار تئودور نولدكه در زمينۀ شرق شناسي تمدن اسلامي(1836- 1930م.)

Bibliographic Survey of the Oriental Studies of Islamic Civilization works of Theodor Nöldeke(1836-1930)

از ﻗﺮن ﻧﻮزدﻫﻢ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮوع ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﺷﺮقﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ اﺳﻼﻣﯽ در ﺳﺮزﻣﯿﻦﻫﺎي آﻟﻤﺎﻧﯽ زﺑﺎن )آﻟﻤﺎن، ﺑﻠﮋﯾﮏ، اﺗﺮﯾﺶ، ﻟﻮﮐﺰاﻣﺒﻮرگ، ﺳﻮﺋﯿﺲ(، ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎه ﺣﺎﺷﯿﻪاي آن در زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻓﮑﺮي ﻣﺤﻘﻘﺎن اﯾﻦ ﻧﺎﺣﯿﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﯿﻢ. وﺟﻮد ﺗﻌﺎﺑﯿﺮ ﻋﺎﻣﯿﺎﻧﻪ، ﺑﺮ ﺟﺪي ﻧﺒﻮدن و ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺗﻔﻨﻨﯽ داﺷﺘﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﺷﺮقﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻧﻪ در آﻟﻤﺎن دﻻﻟﺖ دارد. ﺑﺎوﺟﻮداﯾﻦ، ﺳﺮزﻣﯿﻦ ژرﻣﻦ ﻣﺤﻘﻘﺎن ﺑﺰرﮔﯽ در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﻣﺬﮐﻮر در داﻣﺎن ﺧﻮد ﭘﺮورش داد ﮐﻪ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺷﺮقﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن ﺗﻤﺪن اﺳﻼم ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﺗﺌﻮدور ﻧﻮﻟﺪﮐﻪ، ﺧﺎورﺷﻨﺎس ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﻪ و ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ و ﺗﻤﺪن اﺳﻼم را ﻧﺎم ﺑﺮد. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮ آن اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻪﮐﺎرﮔﯿﺮي روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﻓﮑﺎر و اﻧﮕﯿﺰهﻫﺎي اﯾﻦ ﺷﺮقﺷﻨﺎس ﻣﻌﺮوف آﻟﻤﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﭙﺮدازد. ﺑﺎ واﮐﺎوي ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﮔﻔﺖ، ﺑﻬﺮهﻣﻨﺪي ﻧﻮﻟﺪﮐﻪ از ﻋﻠﻮم ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ، ﻫﻢﭼﻮن، آﮔﺎﻫﯽ از ﻋﻠﻮم ﻣﺮﺑﻮطﺑﻪ ﺧﺎورﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ، ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻦ و ﺗﻮﺟﻪﺑﻪ رﺷﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ و ﺗﻤﺪن اﺳﻼﻣﻲ، ﺗﺴﻠﻂﺑﺮ زﺑﺎنﻫﺎي ﺳﺎﻣﻲ، ﺣﻘﯿﻘﺖﺟﻮﯾﯽ، ﻧﮕﺎه ﻟﻐﺖﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻧﻪ و دﻗﺖ و ﺑﺼﯿﺮت در ﺗﻤﺎم آﺛﺎر ﺑﺮﺟﺎيﻣﺎﻧﺪه از وي از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ دﺳﺘﺎوردﻫﺎي اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺴﺒﺖﺑﻪ ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺖ ﻋﻠﻤﯽ اﯾﻦ ﻣﺴﺘﺸﺮق ﺑﻪﺷﻤﺎرﻣﯽرود.

Since the 19th century, with the beginning of Oriental studies in German-speaking lands (Germany, Belgium, Austria, Luxembourg, Switzerland), we have witnessed its marginal place in the intellectual life of scholars in this region. The existence of slang terms indicates that Oriental studies in Germany are not serious but casual. Nevertheless, the land nurtured great scholars in this field, including Theodor Nöldeke, a prominent orientalist and specialist in Islamic history and civilization. This research intends to use the descriptive-analytical method to examine the thoughts and motives of this famous German orientalist. By analyzing different sources, it can be said that Nöldeke benefited from different sciences, such as knowledge of Oriental sciences, dealing with the fields of Islamic history and civilization, mastery of Semitic languages, and truth-seeking., Lexical view and accuracy and insight in all his surviving works are among the achievements of this research towards the scientific personality of this Orientalist.