مروري بر كاربرد نانو ذرات فلزي در شناساگرهاي رنگ سنجي مورد استفاده در بسته بندي هوشمند محصولات گوشتي

A Review on the Application of Metal Nanoparticles in Colorimetric Indicators Applied in Smart Packaging of Meat Products

اﻣﺮوزه از ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎرﮔﯿﺮي ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﺳﻨﺘﯽ ﺧﻮدداري ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد زﯾﺮا اﯾﻦ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻫﯿﭻ اﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﯽ در ﻣﻮرد ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﻣﺤﺼـﻮﻻت ﮔﻮﺷـﺘ ﯽ در ﻫﺮ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ از زﻧﺠﯿﺮه ﺗﺄﻣﯿﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺼﺮف ﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن و ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن اراﺋﻪ ﻧﻤﯽ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ. اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻓﻨﺎوري ﻫﺎي ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻧﻈﺎرت ﺑﺮ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ و ﻓﺴـﺎد ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت ﮔﻮﺷﺘﯽ ﺗﺎزه، ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﺑﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﻫﺎي ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺿﺎﯾﻌﺎت ﮔﻮﺷﺘﯽ در ﻃـﻮل زﻧﺠ ﯿـ ﺮه ﺗـﺄﻣ ﯿﻦ آن ﺗﻮﺻـ ﯿﻪ ﺷـﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﻫﻮﺷﻤﻨﺪ اﻣﮑﺎﻧﺎت ذﺧﯿﺮه ﺳﺎزي و ﺣﻤﻞ و ﻧﻘﻞ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت ﮔﻮﺷﺘﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺴـﺎﻓﺖ ﻫـﺎ ي ﻃـﻮﻻﻧ ﯽ را ﻓـﺮاﻫﻢ ﮐـﺮده اﺳـﺖ . اﮔﺮﭼـﻪ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺳﻨﺘﯽ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﻗﺎدر ﺑﻪ اراﺋﻪ ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﮐﻤﯽ در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﻧﻈﺎرت ﺑﺮ زﻧﺠﯿﺮه ﺗﺄﻣﯿﻦ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ، اﻣﺎ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﻫﻮﺷـﻤﻨﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﻧﻈﺎرت ﺑﺮ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﺷﺪه و ﯾﺎ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﭘﯿﺮاﻣﻮن آن، در ﺣﺎل ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ اراﺋﻪ راه ﺣﻞ ﻫﺎي ﻧﻮآوراﻧـﻪ در ﺻـﻨﻌﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ و ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﻓﺮآورده ﻫﺎي ﮔﻮﺷﺘﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. اﯾﻦ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﮔﺮ ﻫﺎي ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ رﻧﮓ دﻫﻨﺪه در ﮔﻮﺷﺖ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﺷﺪه ﭘﺲ از ﻓﺴﺎد ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت آﻣﺎده در دﺳﺘﺮس ﻣﺼﺮف ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻗﺮار ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﮔﺮﻫﺎي رﻧﮓ ﺳﻨﺠﯽ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت ﮔﻮﺷﺘﯽ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﯽ را ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد ﺟﻠﺐ ﮐﺮده و ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻮه ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻋﯽ را در ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﻫﻮﺷﻤﻨﺪ اﯾﺠﺎد ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ. اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ذرات ﻓﻠﺰات ﻧﺠﯿﺐ ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ ﻋـﺎﻟ ﯽ و ﻣﻄﻠـﻮ ﺑﯽ در ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﯽ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﮔﺮﻫﺎي رﻧﮓ ﺳﻨﺞ ﺳﻨﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي ﻧﻮري ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮد و واﮐﻨﺶ ﭘـﺬ ﯾﺮي ﺳـﻄﺢ ﺑـﺎﻻ ﺑـﺮا ي ﻧﻈﺎرت ﺑﺮ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﮔﻮﺷﺖ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﺷﺪه ﯾﺎ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﭘﯿﺮاﻣﻮن ﻣﺤﺼﻮل را ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﻋﻠﻤﯽ و دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي اﺧﯿﺮ در ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي رﻧﮓ ﺳﻨﺠﯽ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﻓﻨﺎوري ﻧﺎﻧﻮ و ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﻫﺎي ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺤﺚ ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽ ﮔﯿﺮد ﺗﺎ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﮐﺎﻓﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ آﯾﻨﺪه ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﺷﻮد.

Today, researchers refuse to use the traditional packaging systems because these systems do not offer any information about the quality of meat products at any stage of the supply chain to the consumers and producers and the use of new technologies is recommended to monitor the quality and spoilage of fresh meat products, with the aim of reducing the incidence of food intoxication and the production of meat waste along the chain. While the traditional packaging systems are able to provide few services in the field of supply chain monitoring, the new intelligent packaging systems with the aim of monitoring the quality of packaged meat or its environment are advancing towards providing innovative solutions in the industry of production and supply of meat products. This information will be readily available to the consumer through color detection indicators in packaged meat after spoilage. The use of metal nanoparticles demonstrates excellent communication performance compared to the traditional colorimetric indicators due to its unique optical properties and high level of reactivity for monitoring the condition of packaged meat or the environment around the product. This paper focuses on scientific research and recent technological breakthroughs related to nanotechnology-derived colorimetric indicators, and the challenges of their application are highlighted and discussed to provide the required information for future development.