راﺑﻄﻪ ﺣﻘﻮق ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪي و اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﻣﻠﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻧﮕﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺎم ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ اﯾﺮان

The relationship between citizenship rights and national security with a look at the Iranian legal system

ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﯽ از راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﯿﺎن ﺣﻘﻮق ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪي و اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﻣﻠﯽ ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺎم ﺣﻘـﻮق ﻋﻤـﻮﻣﯽ اﯾـﺮان اﺳـﺖ. اﯾـﻦ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ دو ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺣﻘﻮق ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪي و اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﻣﻠﯽ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ راﺑﻄـﻪ ﺣﻘـﻮق ﺷـﻬﺮوﻧﺪي و اﻣﻨﯿـﺖ ﻣﻠﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﮔﻔﺖ ﮐﻪ ﯾﮏ روﯾﻪ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎ اﺻﻮل و ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺪاوم و ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ در ﺧﺼﻮص اﯾﻦ دو ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﻣﻬﻢ و ﺣﯿﺎﺗﯽ وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪارد و در دوره اي ﯾﮏ ﻧﮕﺎه و روﯾﮑﺮد ﺧﺎص ﺣﺎﮐﻢ ﺑﻮده ﮐﻪ ﺑﻌﻀﺎً ﺑﺎ دوره ﻗﺒﻞ و ﺑﻌﺪ ﺧﻮد در ﺗﻀﺎد ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﺑﺮاي ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻦ ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎه ﺣﻘﻮق ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪي در ﻧﻈﺎم ﺣﻘﻮق ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﭼﺎر ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺑﻨﺪي ﺧﺎﺻﯽ ﺻﻮرت ﮔﯿﺮد. در اﯾﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ و ﺑﺪﻟﯿﻞ ﻧﯿﺎز ﺑﻪ ﺿﺮورت ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ و ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ دﻗﯿﻖ و ﺟﺎﻣﻊ اﻻﻃـﺮاف ﻣﻘﻮﻟـﻪ اﻣﻨﯿـﺖ ﻣﻠـﯽ و روﺷـﻦ ﻧﻤﻮدن راﺑﻄﻪ آن ﺑﺎ ﺣﻘﻮق ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪي ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ اﻟﻬﺎم از ﺣﻘﻮق ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﯽ ﮔﯿﺮد؛ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ زواﯾـﺎ و اﺑﻌـﺎد آن و ﺗﺤﻘﯿـﻖ در ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ و ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي اﯾﻦ ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﺎﯾﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺠﺎرب ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎي ﻣﺎﻧﺪه از ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺸﻮرﻣﺎن، ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ اﻣﺮي ﺿﺮوري ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷ

The present study is a question of the relationship between citizenship rights and national security with an approach to the Iranian public law system. This question has been examined by examining the two categories of citizenship rights and national security. Examining the relationship between civil rights and national security, it can be said that there is no fixed procedure with specific principles and components along with the important feature of continuity and change regarding these two important and vital categories. Sometimes it was in conflict with its pre- and post-period. Therefore, in order to find the place of citizenship rights in the public law system, a special division must be made. In this regard, and due to the need for a thorough and comprehensive study of the issue of national security and clarify its relationship with civil rights, which is inspired by public law; All its angles and dimensions and research on the elements and components of this concept, considering the experiences left from the history of our country, seem to be essential.