ارزيابي فضايي- مكاني مراكز انتظامي و ارائه الگو جهت افزايش بهره‌وري (مطالعه موردي: شهر تبريز)

Spatial-Place Evaluation of Police Stations and Providing Template for Increasing Productivity (Case Study: Tabriz City)

ﮐﻼﻧﺘﺮيﻫﺎ از ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﺮاﮐﺰ ﺧﺪﻣﺎترﺳﺎﻧﯽ در ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ اﯾﺠﺎد اﻣﻨﯿﺖ و آﺳﺎﯾﺶ ﺟﺴﻤﯽ و رواﻧﯽ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﯽ در ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ دارﻧﺪ. ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﮐﺜﺮت و ﭘﯿﭽﯿﺪﮔﯽ ﺟﺮاﺋﻢ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ و ﺳﺮﻋﺖﺑﺎﻻي وﻗﻮع ﺟﺮاﺋﻢ و ﻧﯿﺰ وﺟﻮد ﻣﺠﺮﻣﯿﻦ ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي ﻣﺘﻌﺪد، ﺿﺮورت ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﮑﺎن ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﮐﻼﻧﺘﺮيﻫﺎ ﺑﯿﺶازﭘﯿﺶ ﻣﻌﻠﻮم ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻣﺮاﮐﺰ اﻧﺘﻈﺎﻣﯽ در ﺧﺎرج از ﻣﮑﺎنﻫﺎي ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﺣﻮزه ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد آن ﻗﺴﻤﺖ از ﺣﻮزه اﺳﺘﺤﻔﺎﻇﯽ ﮐﻪ از ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻣﺄﻣﻮران ﺧﺎرج اﺳﺖ دﭼﺎر ﺧﻸ اﻣﻨﯿﺘﯽ ﺷﺪه و ﻣﺤﻠﯽ ﻣﺴﺘﻌﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮوز ﺟﺮاﺋﻢ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﺑﺮﻋﮑﺲ ﺣﻀﻮر ﭘﻠﯿﺲ در ﻣﺤﻞ، در ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﺣﺴﺎس ﺧﻄﺮ و ﻧﺎاﻣﻨﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر دارد. ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ در ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ و ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻼﻧﺘﺮيﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﺒﺮﯾﺰ و اراﺋﻪ اﻟﮕﻮي ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ارﺗﻘﺎي ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﺧﺪﻣﺎترﺳﺎﻧﯽ و ﺗﺴﺮﯾﻊ روﻧﺪ ﺣﻀﻮر ﻧﯿﺮوﻫﺎي ﭘﻠﯿﺲ در ﻣﻮاﺟﻪ ﺑﺎ اﻧﻮاع ﺟﺮاﺋﻢ اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ و ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮهﮔﯿﺮي از ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺒﮑﻪاي )ANP( در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ )GIS( اﻧﺠﺎمﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺟﻬﺖ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ و ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻼﻧﺘﺮيﻫﺎ از ﭼﻬﺎر ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﮐﻠﯽ و ﭘﺎﻧﺰده زﯾﺮ ﻣﻌﯿﺎر اﺳﺘﻔﺎدهﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن در ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار Super Decision وزن دﻫﯽ و اوﻟﻮﯾﺖﺑﻨﺪي ﮔﺮدﯾﺪهاﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﻬﺎﯾﯽ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺗﻠﻔﯿﻖ ﻧﻘﺸﻪﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺷﺪه و وزن دﻫﯽ ﺷﺪهي ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺻﻮرت ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ از ﺗﻌﺪاد دوازده ﮐﻼﻧﺘﺮي ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﺒﺮﯾﺰ، ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻫﺸﺖ ﮐﻼﻧﺘﺮي در ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺎارزش ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﺎﻣﻼً ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻗﺮارﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪاﻧﺪ و ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺳﻪ ﮐﻼﻧﺘﺮي در ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺎارزش ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ و ﯾﮏ ﮐﻼﻧﺘﺮي ﻧﯿﺰ در ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺎارزش ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻗﺮارﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺑﻌﺪي ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﮑﺎنﻫﺎي ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﭼﻬﺎر ﮐﻼﻧﺘﺮي ﮐﻪ از ﺣﺪ اﯾﺪﺋﺎل ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ داﺷﺘﻪاﻧﺪ از ﺧﺮوﺟﯽﻫﺎي ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار و اﻧﻄﺒﺎق آن ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ واﻗﻌﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه و ﺑﺮاي ﻫﻤﻪ آنﻫﺎ ﻣﮑﺎنﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎارزش ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﺎﻣﻼً ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ.

Putting police stations out of the area's optimum location makes the guarded area less secure and prone to crime, and unlike police presence, greatly reducing the risk of insecurity and insecurity. The subject of the present study is spatial-place analysis of the police stations in Tabriz and to provide an optimal model to improve the quality of service and speed up the process of police presence in the face of various crimes. This research is done by using descriptive and analytical method and by using Network Analytical Process (ANP) in Geographic Information System (GIS). Four general indices and fifteen sub-criteria were used for spatial-place evaluation of police stations, which were weighted and prioritized by experts in Super Decision software. The final results from the combination of standardized maps and weighted survey criteria were that out of the twelve police stations in Tabriz, eight police stations were located in best location and the three police stations were located in a good location. A convenient location and a police stations are also in a medium-value location. Next, in order to determine the optimal locations for the four police stations ideally distant, software outputs were used and adapted to the actual city conditions and all of them were suggested as suitable locations