كليدواژه :
ﻓﺼﻞ وﺻﻞ , ﻧﯽﻧﺎﻣﻪ , ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ , ﻣﻮﻟﻮي , ﻗﯿﺼﺮ اﻣﯿﻦﭘﻮر , رﯾﻔﺎﺗﺮ , زبان و ادبيّات فارسي
چكيده فارسي :
اﻣﺮوزه ﻫﺮﯾﮏ از ﻗﻠﻤﺮوﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒِ ﻧﻈﺮي و ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﯽ ادﺑﯿّﺎت ﻣﯽﮐﻮﺷﻨﺪ از ﻣﻨﻈﺮي ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت و اﻟﺒﺘ ّﻪ ﻧﻈﺎمﻣﻨﺪ، آﺛﺎر ادﺑﯽ را ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ. ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب ﻧﻈﺮي، ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞﻫﺎي روﺷﻤﻨﺪ، اراﺋﮥ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺠﯽ ﻣﺪّو ن و ﭘﺮﻫﯿﺰ از آراء ذوق ﻣﺒﻨﺎ، اﺳﺎس ﺑﺴﯿﺎري از ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ادﺑﯽ روزﮔﺎر ﮐﻨﻮﻧﯽ اﺳﺖ؛ ﯾﮑﯽ از اﯾﻦ ﻗﻠﻤﺮوﻫﺎ، ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﻧﻈﺎم ﭘﯿﻮﻧﺪِ دﻻﻟﺘﯽ در ادﺑﯿّﺎت ﯾﺎ ﻫﻤﺎن رﺑﻂ ﻣﯿﺎن دا ّل و ﻣﺪﻟﻮل، ﻣﺤﻤﻞ درﺧﻮر ﺗﻮﺟّ ﻬﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ از زواﯾﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﻮن ادﺑﯽ ورود ﮐﻨﻨﺪ. از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﮐﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ اﻋﺘﻘﺎد داﺷﺖ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ از دﻻﻟﺖﻫﺎي ﻇﺎﻫﺮي ﺷﻌﺮ ﮔﺬﺷﺖ و ﺑﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ دﯾﮕﺮي از دﻻﻟﺖ رﺳﯿﺪ، رﯾﻔﺎﺗﺮ اﺳﺖ. وي ﺑﺎ ﺗﻤﺮﮐﺰ ﺑﺮ ﺧﻮاﻧﻨﺪه )ﺧﺎ ّص ( و ﻣﺘﻦ، ﺑﺮ ﺷﻤﺮدن ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪﻫﺎي ﺳﻪﮔﺎﻧﻪ در زﺑﺎن ﺷﻌﺮ، ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻇﺎﻫﺮي و ﺳﻄﺢ ﭘﺲﮐﻨﺸﺎﻧﻪ، ﻫﭙﯿﻮﮔﺮام و ﻣﺎﺗﺮﯾﺲ، ﺗﻼش ﮐﺮد ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب ﻧﻈﺎمﻣﻨﺪ ﻧﻈﺮﯾّﮥ ﺧﻮﯾﺶ را ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﺪ و از اﯾﻦ راه، ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﯽ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﻣﺪﻟﻮلﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻦ را ﺑﺮاي ﺧﻮاﻧﻨﺪﮔﺎن، ﺑﻪﺧﺼﻮص ﺧﻮاﻧﻨﺪﮔﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺒﯿﺮ او از ﺗﻮاﻧﺶ ادﺑﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﻧﯿﺴﺘﻨﺪ، ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﮐﻨﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﻧﯽﻧﺎﻣﮥ ﻣﻮﻟﻮي و ﻣﺜﻨﻮي ﻓﺼﻞ وﺻﻞ ﻗﯿﺼﺮ اﻣﯿﻦﭘﻮر را ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع »وﺻﺎل« ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪاﻧﺪ، ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﻈﺮﯾّﮥ رﯾﻔﺎﺗﺮ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ و ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﮐﺮده و ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﺳﯿﻢ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ، ﻫﯿﭙﻮﮔﺮام و ﻣﺎﺗﺮﯾﺲ آن ﻫﺎ، ﻧﺸﺎن دادهاﯾﻢ اﯾﻦ دو ﻣﺘﻦ ﺑﻪ رﻏﻢ داﺷﺘﻦ ﮐﻤﯿﻨﻪ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي واﺣﺪ، ﯾﻌﻨﯽ وﺻﺎل، دو دﯾﺪﮔﺎه ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ را ﺑﯿﺎن ﮐﺮدهاﻧﺪ. ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﻓﺼﻞ وﺻﻞ اﮔﺮﭼﻪ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮐﻤﺘﺮﻧﺪ، اﻣّ ﺎ از ﺗﻨﻮّ ع ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي ﺑﺮﺧﻮردارﻧﺪ؛ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻫﯿﭙﻮﮔﺮامﻫﺎي اﯾﻦ ﺳﺮوده ﮔﺴﺘﺮده ﺗﺮﻧﺪ. ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ آن، واژﮔﺎن ﻏﯿﺮ دﺳﺘﻮري و ﻧﻮواژﮔﺎن ﻧﯿﺰ در ﺳﺮودۀ اﻣﯿﻦﭘﻮر در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻧﯽ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﭼﺸﻤﮕﯿﺮﺗﺮ اﺳﺖ.
چكيده لاتين :
Today, different theoretical and research domains of literature each try to analyze literary works from a different and, of course, systematic perspective. It can be said that the development of the theoretical framework, methodical analysis, presentation of codified results, and avoidance of taste-based opinions are the basis of many literary types of research of the present day; one of these domains is semiotics. Semiotics is related to many aspects of life, especially literature in the broad sense and poetry in the specific sense, because of its essential function of "examining something that represents something else." The system of semantic connection in literature, or the connection between signifier and signified, or what should be discovered in literary texts on the basis of existing signs, has been a significant vehicle for semioticians to enter literary texts from different angles. In this paper, Moalavi’s Neynameh and Aminpoor's Fasl-e- Vasl, which pay attention to the subject of “union”, according to Riffaterre’s view, were analyzed and compared. The present study, by drawing descriptive systems, hypo gram, and matrix, shows that these two texts, despite their similar content, have expressed two opposite views.The narrator of Neynameh, complaining of parting and getting along, does not seem, Joiner, while the narrator of Fasl-e- Vasl, by motivating others and … has reached its optimum. Although descriptive systems in Fasl-e- Vasl are less, have greater diversity; Hypo grams of this poem is also widespread. In addition, ungrammaticality and neologism in Aminpoor's poem compared with Neynameh are much more impressive.
