كليدواژه :
ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﮔﻮد , ﮔﻮدﺑﺮداري , ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯿﮑﯽ , ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ , ﺳﻤﻨﺘﺎﺳﯿﻮن ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ
چكيده فارسي :
ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ رﺷﺪ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ و ﮐﻤﺒﻮد ﻓﻀﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎﺧﺖ و ﺳﺎز، روز ﺑﻪ روز ﻋﻤﯿﻖﺗﺮ ﺷﺪن ﮔﻮدﺑﺮداريﻫـﺎ در ﻓﻀـﺎي ﺷـﻬﺮي اﺗﻔـﺎق ﻣﯽ اﻓﺘﺪ. ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻧﺸﺎن داده اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯿﮑﯽ ﺧﺎك، ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺳﻬﻢ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﯽ در ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﮔﻮد دارد. اﯾﻦ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ در ﺧﺎكﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ داراي رﯾﺰداﻧﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻧﻤﻮد ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي دارد ﮐﻪ در آن ﺳﻤﻨﺘﺎﺳﯿﻮن ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ ذرهاي ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﯾﺠﺎد ﭼﺴﺒﻨﺪﮔﯽ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي در ﺧﺎك ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ و در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي را ﺑﺮاي ﺧﺎك ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ داﺷـﺖ . در اﯾـﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟـﻪ ﺗـﺄﺛ ﯿﺮ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﺧﺎك در ﭘﺎﯾﺪارﺳﺎزي ﮔﻮدﺑﺮداري ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﮐﺎري ﻧﻮ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ﻣﯽ ﮔـﺮدد. ﺑـﻪ ﻋﻨـﻮان ﯾـﮏ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ي ﻣﻮردي ﮔﻮدﺑﺮداري اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه در ﺧﯿﺎﺑﺎن ﻣﺪرس ﮐﺮﻣﺎﻧﺸﺎه ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار Plaxis ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﮔﻮد ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت ﻓﯿﺮﯾﮑﯽ و ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯿﮑﯽ ﺧﺎك اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﯿﻨﻪ ﻋﻤﻖ ﮔﻮد ﺑﺮداري ﺑﺮاي ﭘﺎﯾﺪار ﻣﺎﻧﺪن ﮔﻮد در ﺣﺪود 16 ﻣﺘﺮ اﺳﺖ در ﺣﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ ﮔﻮد ﺑﺎ ﻋﻤﻖ 22 ﻣﺘﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار ﻣﺎﻧﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ 6 ﻣﺘﺮ اﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻋﻤﻖ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﺧﺎك اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ در ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻫﺎي ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﻋﻤﺎل ﻧﯿﺴﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ-دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ اﮔﺮ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي از ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ در ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﮔﻮد وﺟﻮد داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﻋﻤﻖ ﮔﻮدﺑﺮداري را ﺑﯿﺶ از ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻫﺎي ﻋﺪدي در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. اﻓﺰودن ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎك ﻣﺤﻞ ﭘﺮوژه، ﺑﺮاي ﭘﺎﯾﺪارﺳﺎزي دﯾﻮاره ي ﮔـﻮد، ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮏ روش ﺟﺪﯾﺪ )ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ روشﻫﺎي دﯾﮕﺮ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻧﯿﻠﯿﻨﮓ، اﻧﮑﺮاژ، دﯾﻮار ﺣﺎﯾﻞ و ﻏﯿﺮه( ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟـﻪ ﻗـﺮار گيرد.
چكيده لاتين :
Due to population growth and lack of space for construction, excavations are becoming more and more deep in the urban space. Studies have shown that in addition to soil mechanical properties, chemical properties also play a significant role in the stability of the excavation. This effect is more pronounced in fine-grained soils, where inter-particle chemical cementation results in greater cohesion to the soil and ultimately more stability to the soil. In this paper, the effect of soil chemical properties on stabilization of excavations is investigated, which is introduced as a new work. As a case study, excavation carried out on Modares Street in Kermanshah has been investigated. Also, with the help of Plexis software, the stability analysis of the excavation was performed using the physical and mechanical properties of the soil. The results of this analysis show that the maximum depth of excavation to stabilize the excavation, it is about 16 meters, while this excavation remained stable with a depth of 22 meters. Therefore, 6 m extra depth is related to the effect of soil chemical compounds, which is not applicable in physical analysis. The results of this paper show that if there is more knowledge about the effect of chemical compounds on the stability of the excavation, the depth of excavation can be considered more than the results of numerical analysis. Adding suitable chemical compounds to the soil of the project site, to stabilize the excavation wall, can be considered as a new method (compared to other methods such as nailing, anchorage, retaining wall, etc.).
