پيش بيني گرايش به اعتياد بر اساس متغيرهاي سرسختي روان شناختي و عدم تحمل ابهام در دانشجويان

Predicting Addiction Tendency based on the Variables of Psychological Hardiness and Intolerance of Ambiguity in University Students

ﻫﺪف از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻋﺪم ﺗﺤﻤﻞ اﺑﻬﺎم و ﺳﺮﺳﺨﺘﯽ روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ در ﭘﯿﺶﺑﯿﻨ ﯽ ﮔﺮ اﯾﺶ ﺑﻪ اﻋﺘﯿﺎد در داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ واﺣﺪ ﺑﻮﮐﺎن ﺑﻮد. روش: روش اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ از ﻧﻮع ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ-ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻫﻤﻪ داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن دﺧﺘﺮ و ﭘﺴﺮ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ واﺣﺪ ﺑﻮﮐﺎن در ﺳﺎل ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ 1396 -1397ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي در دﺳﺘﺮس 306ﻧﻔﺮ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻤﻊآوري دادهﻫﺎ از ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﭘﺬﯾﺮش اﻋﺘﯿﺎد، آزﻣﻮن ﻋﺪم ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺑﻼﺗﮑﻠﯿﻔﯽ و ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺳﺮﺳﺨﺘﯽ روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﻫﺎي ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﭘﯿﺮﺳﻮن و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﭼﻨﺪﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮه ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺳﺮﺳﺨﺘﯽ روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ و ﮔﺮاﯾﺶ ﺑﻪ اﻋﺘﯿﺎد راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار وﺟﻮد داﺷﺖ و 18درﺻﺪ از وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﮔﺮاﯾﺶ ﺑﻪ اﻋﺘﯿﺎد ﺑﻪ وﺳﯿﻠﻪ ﮐﻨﺘﺮل، ﺗﻌﻬﺪ و ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ، ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﻋﺪم ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺑﻼﺗﮑﻠﯿﻔﯽ و ﮔﺮاﯾﺶ ﺑﻪ اﻋﺘﯿﺎد راﺑﻄﻪي ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري وﺟﻮد داﺷﺖ و 17درﺻﺪ از وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮاﯾﺶ ﺑﻪ اﻋﺘﯿﺎد از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﻧﺎﺗﻮاﻧﯽ ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺠﺎم ﻋﻤﻞ، اﺳﺘﺮسآﻣﯿﺰﺑﻮدن ﺑﻼﺗﮑﻠﯿﻔﯽ، ﻣﻨﻔﯽﺑﻮدن روﯾﺪادﻫﺎي ﻏﯿﺮﻣﻨﺘﻈﺮه و اﺟﺘﻨﺎب از آنﻫﺎ ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﺷﺪ . ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﮐﻠﯽ، ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ از ﺻﻔﺎت ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺘﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ اﺑﻬﺎم و ﺳﺮﺳﺨﺘﯽ روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﺳﻬﻢ ﻣﻬﻤﯽ در ﮔﺮاﯾﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮءﻣﺼﺮف ﻣﻮاد دارﻧﺪ.

The present study aimed to determine the role of intolerance of ambiguity and psychological hardiness in predicting addiction tendency in students of Islamic Azad University, Bukan Branch. Method: The method of this study was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of this study included all male and female students of Islamic Azad University, Bukan Branch in the academic year 2017-2018 and 306 people were selected by convenience sampling method. Data were collected using the addiction acceptance scale, the intolerance of uncertainty test, and the psychological hardiness questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and multivariate regression analysis. Results: The findings indicated that there was a significant negative relationship between psychological hardiness and addiction tendency and that 18% of the variance of addiction tendency was explained by control, commitment, and challenge. Also, there was a significant positive relationship between the variables of intolerance of ambiguity and addiction tendency, and 17% of the variance of addiction tendency was predicted by inability to perform action, stressfulness of uncertainty, negativity of unexpected events and avoiding them. Conclusion: In general, it can be concluded that some personality traits such as tolerance of ambiguity and psychological hardiness have an important role in the tendency to substance abuse.